Giraud F, Vrancken C, Delfosse P, Bohn T, Hoffmann L, Munaut F, El Jarroudi M
Environment and Agro-Biotechnology Department, CRP-Gabriel Lippmann, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
BCCM-MUCL, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Plant Dis. 2008 Nov;92(11):1587. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-11-1587A.
Following a comparatively mild winter (1.9°C above average [2000-2007]), Fusarium head blight (FHB) on winter wheat was observed during the 2007 season in 17 sites representing all three districts of Diekirch, Grevenmacher, and Luxembourg. The cultivars encountered were diverse and included Achat, Akteur, Aron, Bussard, Cubus, Enorm, Exclusiv, Flair, Rosario, Tommi, and Urban. The preceding crops were maize (six sites), rapeseed (three sites), and one site each of pea, triticale, winter barley, and winter wheat. Rainfalls recorded during the flowering period (June 1-23, mean June 12 for GS 65) ranged from 13 to 62 (mean 38) mm. An overall prevalence of FHB (percentage of infected spikes) of 8.9 ± 15.5% (mean ± SD) and a severity (percentage of infected grains per spike) of 21.0 ± 17.8% were recorded. A significant difference in FHB severity was observed between the cantons north and south of Luxembourg City, 13.4 ± 13.1% (range 0.01 to 46.4) and 35.1 ± 18.1% (range 6.2 to 61.9), respectively (Man-Whitney, P = 0.027), indicating the importance to take regional specificities such as topoclimatological aspects into account. Maize as a preceding crop resulted in significant higher prevalence of FHB as opposed to the other crops (5.9 ± 1.6% versus 3.3 ± 2.2%, Man-Whitney, P = 0.022).
在经历了一个相对温和的冬季（比平均温度[2000 - 2007年]高1.9°C）之后，2007年冬小麦季期间，在代表迪基希、格雷文马赫和卢森堡三个区的17个地点观察到了小麦赤霉病（FHB）。所种植的品种多样，包括阿沙、阿克图尔、阿隆、布萨德、库布斯、埃诺姆、埃克斯克鲁西夫、弗拉尔、罗萨里奥、托米和乌尔班。前茬作物有玉米（6个地点）、油菜籽（3个地点），以及豌豆、小黑麦、冬大麦和冬小麦各1个地点。花期（6月1日至23日，GS 65的平均日期为6月12日）的降雨量在13至62（平均38）毫米之间。记录到小麦赤霉病的总体发病率（感染穗的百分比）为8.9±15.5%（平均值±标准差），病情严重程度（每穗感染粒的百分比）为21.0±17.8%。卢森堡市南北两县的小麦赤霉病严重程度存在显著差异，分别为13.4±13.1%（范围0.01至46.4）和35.1±18.1%（范围6.2至61.9）（曼 - 惠特尼检验，P = 0.027），这表明考虑诸如地形气候等区域特异性很重要。与其他作物相比，玉米作为前茬作物导致小麦赤霉病的发病率显著更高（5.9±1.6%对3.3±2.2%，曼 - 惠特尼检验，P = 0.022）。
