Szymański Jacek, Zaręba Kornelia, Jakiel Grzegorz, Słabuszewska-Jóźwiak Aneta
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2018 Dec;17(4):168-174. doi: 10.5114/pm.2018.81741. Epub 2018 Dec 31.
Vulvovaginal atrophy accompanied by lower urinary tract dysfunction related to low levels of estrogen and androgens is labeled as genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Although this condition affects most postmenopausal women worldwide, it seems to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. Women should be properly advised to choose an adequate treatment modality to improve their quality of life, sexual relationships and social activity. The aim of this article to is increase knowledge of GSM. The current treatment options, both hormonal and non-hormonal, are reviewed. Topical estrogen therapy still remains the gold standard, but the demand for individually tailored therapy is growing. New treatment modalities are continuously included in clinical practice. They should consider the whole personality of a woman as well as cultural and social factors. Further studies on GSM and on the effectiveness of various treatment options are necessary to achieve this purpose.
与雌激素和雄激素水平低相关的伴有下尿路功能障碍的外阴阴道萎缩被称为绝经后泌尿生殖综合征（GSM）。尽管这种情况影响着全球大多数绝经后女性，但它似乎未得到充分诊断和治疗。应适当建议女性选择合适的治疗方式，以改善她们的生活质量、性关系和社交活动。本文的目的是增加对GSM的了解。对目前的激素和非激素治疗选择进行了综述。局部雌激素治疗仍然是金标准，但对个性化治疗的需求正在增加。新的治疗方式不断被纳入临床实践。它们应考虑女性的整体个性以及文化和社会因素。为实现这一目标，有必要对GSM和各种治疗选择的有效性进行进一步研究。
