Pettee Gabriel Kelley, Mason Jessica M, Sternfeld Barbara
1Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston: School of Public Health -- Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX USA.
School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 1616 Guadalupe Street, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701 USA.
Womens Midlife Health. 2015 Aug 11;1:1. doi: 10.1186/s40695-015-0004-9. eCollection 2015.
Although the health benefits of physical activity are well established, the prevalence of midlife women accumulating sufficient physical activity to meet current physical activity guidelines is strikingly low, as shown in United States (U.S.) based surveillance systems that utilize either (or both) participant-reported and device-based (i.e., accelerometers) measures of activity. For midlife women, these low prevalence estimates may be due, in part, to a general lack of time given more pressing work commitments and family obligations. Further, the benefits or "" of allocating limited time to physical activity may be perceived, by some, as too distant for immediate action or attention. However, shifting the health promotion message from the long term benefits of physical activity to the more short-term, acute benefits may encourage midlife women to engage in more regular physical activity. In this article, we review the latest evidence (i.e., past 5 years) regarding the impact of physical activity on menopausal symptoms. Recent studies provide strong support for the absence of an effect of physical activity on vasomotor symptoms; evidence is still inconclusive regarding the role of physical activity on urogenital symptoms (vaginal dryness, urinary incontinence) and sleep, but consistently suggestive of a positive impact on mood and weight control. To further advance this field, we also propose additional considerations and future research directions.
尽管体育活动对健康的益处已得到充分证实，但根据美国的监测系统显示，积累足够体育活动量以达到当前体育活动指南要求的中年女性比例极低，这些监测系统采用了参与者自我报告和基于设备（即加速度计）的活动测量方法（或两者结合）。对于中年女性来说，这些低比例估计可能部分归因于她们因工作和家庭责任更为紧迫而普遍缺乏时间。此外，对一些人而言，将有限时间分配给体育活动的益处可能被认为距离当下采取行动或给予关注过于遥远。然而，将健康促进信息从体育活动的长期益处转向更短期的即时益处，可能会鼓励中年女性更经常地进行体育活动。在本文中，我们回顾了有关体育活动对更年期症状影响的最新证据（即过去5年）。近期研究有力支持了体育活动对血管舒缩症状无影响这一观点；关于体育活动对泌尿生殖系统症状（阴道干燥、尿失禁）和睡眠的作用，证据仍不确凿，但一直表明对情绪和体重控制有积极影响。为进一步推动该领域发展，我们还提出了其他需要考虑的因素和未来的研究方向。
