Pantoja-Cardoso Alan, Aragão-Santos Jose Carlos, Santos Poliana de Jesus, Dos-Santos Ana Carolina, Silva Salviano Resende, Lima Newton Benites Carvalho, Vasconcelos Alan Bruno Silva, Fortes Leonardo de Sousa, Da Silva-Grigoletto Marzo Edir
Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2023 Aug 22;8(5):83. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics8050083.
Functional training (FT) is a type of multicomponent training with emphasis on activities of daily living that stimulate different physical capacities in only one session. Dual-task training (DTT) is a type of training that simultaneously applies cognitive and motor stimuli. We investigated the effects of sixteen weeks of FT and DTT and eight weeks of detraining on older women's inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Sixty-two older women (66.9 ± 5.4 years; 27.7 ± 3.9 kg/m) completed a 16-week intervention program comprising the FT (n = 31) and DTT (n = 31), and 43 returned after the detraining period. We used the Stroop Color Word Color test to evaluate inhibitory control, the Corsi Block Test to assess working memory, and the Trail Making Test to evaluate cognitive flexibility. Only DTT reduced the congruent response time between the pre-test and post-test (d= -0.64; < 0.001), with no difference between the post-test and the detraining values (d = 1.13; < 0.001). Both groups reduced the incongruent response time between the pre-test and post-test (FT: d = -0.61; = 0.002; DTT: d= -0.59; = 0.002) without a difference between groups. There were no significant differences in working memory and cognitive flexibility. Sixteen weeks of FT and DTT increased the inhibitory control of older women but not the working memory and cognitive flexibility, and these effects persisted after eight weeks of detraining.
功能训练（FT）是一种多成分训练，强调日常生活活动，仅在一次训练中就能刺激不同的身体能力。双任务训练（DTT）是一种同时施加认知和运动刺激的训练类型。我们研究了16周的功能训练和双任务训练以及8周的去训练对老年女性抑制控制、工作记忆和认知灵活性的影响。62名老年女性（66.9±5.4岁；27.7±3.9kg/m）完成了一个为期16周的干预项目，包括功能训练组（n = 31）和双任务训练组（n = 31），43名女性在去训练期后返回。我们使用斯特鲁普颜色-文字-颜色测试来评估抑制控制，使用科西块测试来评估工作记忆，使用连线测验来评估认知灵活性。只有双任务训练降低了前测和后测之间的一致反应时间（d = -0.64；P < 0.001），后测和去训练值之间没有差异（d = 1.13；P < 0.001）。两组都降低了前测和后测之间的不一致反应时间（功能训练组：d = -0.61；P = 0.002；双任务训练组：d = -0.59；P = 0.002），组间无差异。在工作记忆和认知灵活性方面没有显著差异。16周的功能训练和双任务训练提高了老年女性的抑制控制，但没有提高工作记忆和认知灵活性，并且这些效果在8周的去训练后仍然存在。
