Khoo Hock Eng, Azlan Azrina, Abd Kadir Noor Atiqah Aizan
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Malaysia.
Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Malaysia.
Front Chem. 2019 Jan 31;7:5. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00005. eCollection 2019.
This study aims to identify potential phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and other phytochemicals, as well as fatty acid profile and peptides in (CO) oil and oleoresin, extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. LC-ESI-MS was applied in separation and tentative identification of phytochemicals in CO oil and oleoresin. Based on the results, 11 common fatty acids and their isomers, monoglycerides, diglycerides, as well as other types of lipid, were tentatively identified in the CO oil and oleoresin. The identified fatty acids consisted of saturated fatty acids (C8-C16), monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1 and C18:1), polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:2, C18:3, C18:4, and C20:3), and other unclassified fatty acids. The tentatively identified phenolic compounds were phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, and a phenolic monoester. Triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and apocarotenoids were the terpenoids found in CO oil and oleoresin. Besides these typical bioactives, some volatiles, aromatic compounds, peptides, and other known and unknown phytochemicals were also tentatively identified in the oil and oleoresin of CO. Some of these compounds are new compounds identified in CO oil and oleoresin, which are not found in many other fruit oils. Although CO oil and oleoresin contain a small number of phytochemicals, their contribution as antioxidants may prevent several diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that CO oleoresin contains certain types of fatty acids that render its semi-solid together with other chemical components which are not found in CO oil. This is the first study that tentatively identified fatty acids, peptides, and potential phytochemicals in CO oil and oleoresin using LC-ESI-MS.
本研究旨在鉴定使用超临界二氧化碳提取的（某物质）油和油树脂中的潜在酚类化合物、萜类化合物及其他植物化学物质，以及脂肪酸谱和肽类。采用液相色谱 - 电喷雾电离质谱法（LC - ESI - MS）对油树脂中的植物化学物质进行分离和初步鉴定。基于结果，在油树脂中初步鉴定出11种常见脂肪酸及其异构体、甘油单酯、甘油二酯以及其他类型的脂质。鉴定出的脂肪酸包括饱和脂肪酸（C8 - C16）、单不饱和脂肪酸（C16:1和C18:1）、多不饱和脂肪酸（C18:2、C18:3、C18:4和C20:3）以及其他未分类脂肪酸。初步鉴定出的酚类化合物为酚酸、黄酮类、木脂素和一种酚单酯。三萜类、倍半萜类和脱辅基类胡萝卜素是在油树脂中发现的萜类化合物。除了这些典型的生物活性物质外，在该物质的油和油树脂中还初步鉴定出一些挥发性物质、芳香族化合物、肽类以及其他已知和未知的植物化学物质。其中一些化合物是在该物质的油和油树脂中鉴定出的新化合物，在许多其他果油中未发现。尽管该物质的油和油树脂含有少量植物化学物质，但其作为抗氧化剂的作用可能预防多种疾病。在本研究中，我们假设该物质的油树脂含有某些类型的脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸与该物质的油中未发现的其他化学成分一起使其呈半固体状态。这是首次使用LC - ESI - MS对该物质的油和油树脂中的脂肪酸、肽类和潜在植物化学物质进行初步鉴定的研究。
