Slaminko T L, Miles M R, Frederick R D, Bonde M R, Hartman G L
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Urbana, IL 61801.
Plant Dis. 2008 May;92(5):767-771. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-5-0767.
Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal organism of soybean rust, was first found in the continental United States in 2004 and has been found on soybean, kudzu, Florida beggarweed, and three Phaseolus species in the field. The pathogen has been reported to occur on more than 90 legume species worldwide and it is likely to infect native and introduced legume species in the United States. The objective of this study was to determine if 176 species representing 57 genera of legumes, the majority of which are either native or naturalized to soybean-growing areas of the United States, could be hosts of P. pachyrhizi. Between one and three accessions of each species, a total of 264 accessions, were inoculated with a mixture of four isolates of P. pachyrhizi. Severity and sporulation were rated on a 1-to-5 scale at 14 and 28 days after inoculation. P. pachyrhizi was confirmed by the presence of sporulating uredinia and/or immunological assay on 65 new species in 25 genera; 12 of these genera have not been reported previously as hosts. Many of the newly identified hosts grow in the southern United States, and like kudzu, could serve as overwintering hosts for P. pachyrhizi.
大豆锈病的病原菌大豆层锈菌于2004年首次在美国大陆被发现，在田间已发现其存在于大豆、葛藤、铺地木兰和三种菜豆属物种上。据报道，该病原菌在全球90多种豆科植物上存在，并且很可能会感染美国本土及引进的豆科植物物种。本研究的目的是确定代表57个豆科属的176个物种（其中大多数是美国大豆种植区的本土或归化物种）是否可能成为大豆层锈菌的寄主。每个物种选取1至3份种质，总共264份种质，用四种大豆层锈菌分离株的混合物进行接种。在接种后14天和28天，按照1至5级标准对病害严重程度和产孢情况进行评级。通过产生孢子的夏孢子堆的存在和/或免疫测定，在25个属的65个新物种上证实了大豆层锈菌的存在；其中12个属以前未被报道为寄主。许多新鉴定出的寄主生长在美国南部，并且像葛藤一样，可能成为大豆层锈菌的越冬寄主。
