Campbell L G, Klotz K L, Smith L J
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58105-5677.
Northwest Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Crookston 56716.
Plant Dis. 2008 Apr;92(4):575-580. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0575.
During storage of sugar beet, respiration and rots consume sucrose and produce invert sugar. Diseases that occur in the field can affect the magnitude of these losses. This research examines the storage of roots with rhizomania (caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus) and the effectiveness of rhizomania-resistant hybrids in reducing postharvest losses. Roots of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania had respiration rates 30 days after harvest (DAH) that ranged from 0.68 to 2.79 mg of CO kg h higher than roots of the resistant hybrids. This difference ranged from 2.60 to 13.88 mg of CO kg h 120 DAH. Roots of resistant hybrids from sites with rhizomania had 18 kg more sucrose per ton than roots from susceptible hybrids 30 DAH, with this difference increasing to 55 kg Mg 120 DAH. The invert sugar concentration of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania ranged from 8.38 to 287 g per 100 g of sucrose higher than that for resistant hybrids 120 DAH. In contrast, differences between susceptible and resistant hybrids in respiration rate, sucrose loss, and invert sugar concentration in the absence of rhizomania were relatively small. Storage losses due to rhizomania can be minimized by planting resistant hybrids and processing roots from fields with rhizomania soon after harvest.
在甜菜储存期间，呼吸作用和腐烂会消耗蔗糖并产生转化糖。田间发生的病害会影响这些损失的程度。本研究考察了感染根肿病（由甜菜坏死黄脉病毒引起）的根的储存情况，以及抗根肿病杂交种在减少收获后损失方面的有效性。来自有根肿病地区的易感杂交种的根在收获后30天（DAH）的呼吸速率比抗性杂交种的根高0.68至2.79毫克二氧化碳/千克·小时。在120 DAH时，这种差异为2.60至13.88毫克二氧化碳/千克·小时。来自有根肿病地区的抗性杂交种的根在30 DAH时每吨比易感杂交种的根多18千克蔗糖，在120 DAH时这种差异增加到55千克/毫克。在120 DAH时，来自有根肿病地区的易感杂交种的转化糖浓度比抗性杂交种高8.38至287克/100克蔗糖。相比之下，在没有根肿病的情况下，易感杂交种和抗性杂交种在呼吸速率、蔗糖损失和转化糖浓度方面的差异相对较小。通过种植抗性杂交种以及在收获后尽快加工来自有根肿病田地的根，可以将根肿病造成的储存损失降至最低。
