Ugwah-Oguejiofor Chinenye Jane, Okoli Charles Ogbonna, Ugwah Michael Oguejiofor, Umaru Millicent Ladi, Ogbulie Chiedozie Smart, Mshelia Halilu Emmanuel, Umar Mohammed, Njan Anoka Ayembe
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346 Sokoto, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2019 Jan 29;5(1):e01179. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01179. eCollection 2019 Jan.
N. E. Brown (Asclepiadaceae) is a cactus-like shaped shrub widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, infertility and impotence. The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of aqueous extract of aerial parts of (AECD) through acute and sub-acute oral administration in mice and rats. During acute toxicity study, female mice and rats were orally administered with AECD at single doses of 175, 500 and 2000 mg/kg according to OECD Guidelines 425. Sub-acute toxicity of AECD (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg p.o) was studied by daily dosing of Wistar rats of both sexes for 28 days. The acute toxicity study revealed no lethal effects and behavioural signs of toxicity at the tested doses indicating that LD is greater than 2000 mg/kg. In sub-acute study, a significant reduction in the body weight ( < 0.05), feed and water ( < 0.001) intake of the rats were observed. A significant ( < 0.05) increase in lymphocytes, mean platelet volume counts and alanine aminotransferase were also observed. Histopathological analysis showed mild liver cell distortion in female rats treated at 600 mg/kg of AECD. These results show low toxicity of AECD on short-term use and liver toxicity on long-term use.
N.E.布朗（萝藦科）是一种仙人掌状的灌木，在传统医学中被广泛用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病、不孕症和阳痿。本研究通过对小鼠和大鼠进行急性和亚急性口服给药，评估了N.E.布朗地上部分水提取物（AECD）的潜在毒性。在急性毒性研究中，根据经合组织准则425，对雌性小鼠和大鼠分别以175、500和2000mg/kg的单剂量口服给予AECD。通过对两性Wistar大鼠每日给药28天，研究了AECD（150、300和600mg/kg口服）的亚急性毒性。急性毒性研究表明，在测试剂量下没有致死效应和毒性行为迹象，表明半数致死剂量大于2000mg/kg。在亚急性研究中，观察到大鼠体重显著降低（P<0.05）、饲料和水摄入量显著降低（P<0.001）。还观察到淋巴细胞、平均血小板体积计数和丙氨酸转氨酶显著增加（P<0.05）。组织病理学分析显示，在以600mg/kg的AECD处理的雌性大鼠中，肝细胞有轻度变形。这些结果表明，AECD短期使用毒性较低，长期使用具有肝脏毒性。
