微小RNA-375是否是用于2型糖尿病患者早期检测和监测的有前景的生物标志物？
Is miRNA-375 a promising biomarker for early detection and monitoring of patients with type 2 diabetes?
作者信息
Patoulias Dimitrios Ioannis
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Veria, Veria, Greece.
Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Hippokration, Thessaloniki, Greece.
出版信息
Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis. 2018 Oct 8;3:e119-e122. doi: 10.5114/amsad.2018.78775. eCollection 2018.
miRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs, functioning as negative suppressors of target gene expression. A significant proportion of the transcriptome is subject to miRNA modulation. A single miRNA determines the expression of hundreds of genes, while miRNAs are relatively stable in biological fluids. Thus, they have attracted scientific interest regarding their use as biomarkers for several diseases. miRNA-375 mainly influences β-cell function and insulin secretion. Several studies, primarily experimental, have assessed its role as a biomarker in type 2 diabetes, while recently obtained human evidence supports this potential role. Besides its diagnostic potential, miRNA-375 may also have therapeutic implications. In view of the growing epidemic of type 2 diabetes, there is an unmet need for identification of biomarkers for early recognition and monitoring of these patients. Long-term, prospective human studies are required to elucidate whether miRNA-375 can evolve as a key player in diagnosis and prognosis of type 2 diabetes.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，作为靶基因表达的负性抑制因子发挥作用。转录组的很大一部分受到miRNA的调控。单个miRNA可决定数百个基因的表达，而miRNA在生物体液中相对稳定。因此，它们作为多种疾病的生物标志物受到了科学界的关注。miRNA - 375主要影响β细胞功能和胰岛素分泌。多项研究（主要是实验性研究）评估了其作为2型糖尿病生物标志物的作用，而最近获得的人体证据支持了这一潜在作用。除了其诊断潜力外，miRNA - 375可能还具有治疗意义。鉴于2型糖尿病的流行日益加剧，对于识别用于早期识别和监测这些患者的生物标志物存在未满足的需求。需要进行长期的前瞻性人体研究，以阐明miRNA - 375是否能够成为2型糖尿病诊断和预后的关键因素。
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