National Reference Laboratory for Dermatophytes, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Medical specialist for skin and venereal diseases, Berlin, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2019 May;17(5):493-501. doi: 10.1111/ddg.13776. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
A new genotype of the zoophilic fungal species Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes was recently described in two studies. It was isolated from three patients who had visited Southeast Asia and one patient who had visited Egypt. In contrast to these studies, we have observed a number of cases with the dimensions of an epidemic outbreak.
At the University Hospital Charité Berlin, 43 patients, mostly suffering from highly inflammatory, painful and persistent infections of the pubogenital region were observed between January 2016 and July 2017. Mycological examination was performed with fungal culture and sequencing of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region of the ribosomal DNA. Three additional genomic regions were spot-checked.
In 37 of the cases, a new genotype of T. mentagrophytes (referred to here as T. mentagrophytes VII) was isolated as the etiological agent, and sequencing revealed identical sequences for all isolates. Most of the infected patients had no history of travel, and only two patients reported contact with animals.
The new genotype clustered phylogenetically among the strains of the zoophilic species T. mentagrophytes with four different DNA markers. While human-to-human transmission of zoophilic dermatophytes is rare, transmission via sexual contact seemed to be quite effective here.
最近有两项研究描述了一种亲动物性真菌物种须癣毛癣菌（T.）的新基因型。它从三位曾前往东南亚的患者和一位曾前往埃及的患者身上分离出来。与这些研究不同的是，我们观察到了一些具有流行规模的病例。
在柏林夏里特大学医院，我们观察了 43 位患者，他们大多患有高度炎症性、疼痛性和持续性的会阴部感染，这些患者的就诊时间为 2016 年 1 月至 2017 年 7 月。采用真菌培养和核糖体 DNA 的 ITS（内部转录间隔区）区域测序进行了真菌学检查。另外三个基因组区域进行了点检查。
在 37 例病例中，一种新的须癣毛癣菌基因型（这里称为 T. mentagrophytes VII）被分离为病原体，测序显示所有分离株的序列完全相同。大多数受感染的患者没有旅行史，只有两名患者报告与动物接触。
新的基因型在四个不同的 DNA 标记物中与亲动物性物种须癣毛癣菌的菌株聚类在一起。虽然亲动物性皮肤癣菌的人际传播很少见，但在这里通过性接触似乎非常有效。
