Kulkarni Sucheta, Shah Mukti, Dole Kuldeep, Taras Sudhir, Deshpande Rahul, Deshpande Madan
Department of Retina, PBMA's H. V. Desai Eye Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2019 Jan-Apr;12(1):10-14. doi: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_221_2017.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is emerging as an important cause of childhood blindness in middle-income countries such as India. Although blindness can be prevented in most cases with timely screening and treatment, certain ocular comorbidities can lead to visual impairment. We evaluated and compared 1-year visual, refractive, and structural outcomes and comorbidities in three subsets of preterm infants enrolled for screening of ROP.
Preterm children enrolled in the hospital's ROP screening program and with diagnosis of no ROP, mild ROP, or severe ROP were followed at 1 year of age to evaluate and compare visual, refractive, and structural outcomes as well as the presence of ocular comorbidities. Risk of poor outcome was calculated in children with mild and severe ROP reference population being children without ROP.
Eyes with severe ROP were at highest risk of poor visual (risk ratio [RR]: 3.5, < 0.001), refractive (RR: 45, < 0.001), and structural (RR: 11, = 0.006) outcome as well as ocular comorbidities (RR 11, < 0.001). Eyes with mild ROP were at higher risk of myopia (RR: 11, = 0.06) and ocular comorbidities (RR: 4, = 0.04). Sixteen (16%) of the eyes without ROP developed poor visual outcome.
Eyes with severe ROP are at highest risk of poor ocular outcomes and comorbidities and need a long-term follow-up. Eyes which do not develop ROP can have poor visual outcome and need to be assessed within the 1 year of life.
在印度等中等收入国家，早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）正成为儿童失明的一个重要原因。尽管大多数情况下通过及时筛查和治疗可预防失明，但某些眼部合并症可导致视力损害。我们评估并比较了纳入ROP筛查的三组早产儿亚组在1岁时的视力、屈光和结构结局以及合并症情况。
纳入医院ROP筛查项目且诊断为无ROP、轻度ROP或重度ROP的早产儿在1岁时进行随访，以评估和比较视力、屈光和结构结局以及眼部合并症的情况。以无ROP的儿童为参照人群，计算轻度和重度ROP儿童不良结局的风险。
重度ROP患儿的眼睛出现视力不良（风险比[RR]：3.5，<0.001）、屈光不良（RR：45，<0.001）、结构不良（RR：11，=0.006）以及眼部合并症（RR 11，<0.001）的风险最高。轻度ROP患儿的眼睛出现近视（RR：11，=0.06）和眼部合并症（RR：4，=0.04）的风险较高。16%（16只）无ROP的眼睛出现了视力不良结局。
重度ROP患儿的眼睛出现不良眼部结局和合并症的风险最高，需要长期随访。未发生ROP的眼睛也可能出现视力不良结局，需要在1岁内进行评估。
