Alfadhli Eman M
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al Madina, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2016 Sep-Dec;4(3):192-196. doi: 10.4103/1658-631X.188264. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
Diet and nutrition are important factors in the promotion and maintenance of good health. Physicians are involved in medical nutrition therapy of their patients; however, little is known on how physicians are personally adherent to good nutrition. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional practices of Saudi physicians.
This is a pilot study that included 48 healthy Saudi physicians, of both genders, randomly selected from King Fahad Hospital, Madina, Saudi Arabia from June 2013 to December 2013. Self-reported dietary intake over 24 h was assessed. The adequacy of nutrient intake was evaluated by comparing the physicians' intake to the dietary reference intakes (DRI).
The mean age of physicians was 41.6 ± 10 years, weight was 78 ± 20.2 kg, and body mass index was 27.76 ± 5.37 kg/m. They reported adequate daily consumption of food energy with high intake of carbohydrate (178.5 ± 46.4%) of DRI and high fat and protein intake from animal sources with low fiber intake (34.9 ± 25.1%) of DRI. Daily intakes for most of the micronutrients were lower than recommended with the exception of phosphorus, Vitamin E, and Vitamin B12 with no significant difference between males and females, except for lower intake of iron and Vitamin D by females. Vitamin D was the most severe deficient vitamin; 46.1 ± 53.9% of DRI.
Nutritional practices of the sampled group of Saudi Physicians were not optimal. They have a high prevalence of micronutrients deficiencies. In addition, they tend to consume less fiber, more carbohydrate, and food from animal sources. Actions are needed to control nutrition status in Saudi Arabia, including the adoption of healthy eating pattern early in life, extensive nutrition and health education, and intervention strategies.
饮食与营养是促进和维持健康的重要因素。医生会参与患者的医学营养治疗；然而，对于医生个人如何坚持良好的营养习惯却知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估沙特医生的营养实践情况。
这是一项试点研究，于2013年6月至2013年12月从沙特阿拉伯麦地那法赫德国王医院随机选取了48名健康的沙特医生，男女皆有。评估了他们自我报告的24小时饮食摄入量。通过将医生的摄入量与膳食参考摄入量（DRI）进行比较来评估营养素摄入的充足性。
医生的平均年龄为41.6±10岁，体重为78±20.2千克，体重指数为27.76±5.37千克/平方米。他们报告每日食物能量摄入充足，碳水化合物摄入量高（占DRI的178.5±46.4%），动物源性脂肪和蛋白质摄入量高，膳食纤维摄入量低（占DRI的34.9±25.1%）。除了磷、维生素E和维生素B12外，大多数微量营养素的每日摄入量均低于推荐量，男性和女性之间无显著差异，但女性的铁和维生素D摄入量较低。维生素D是缺乏最严重的维生素；占DRI的46.1±53.9%。
抽样的沙特医生群体的营养实践情况并不理想。他们微量营养素缺乏的患病率很高。此外，他们倾向于摄入较少的膳食纤维、较多的碳水化合物以及动物源性食物。需要采取行动来控制沙特阿拉伯的营养状况，包括在生命早期采用健康的饮食模式、广泛开展营养与健康教育以及干预策略。
