用于多用途和多模态成像的3D打印乳腺体模
3D-printed breast phantom for multi-purpose and multi-modality imaging.
作者信息
He Yaoyao, Liu Yulin, Dyer Brandon A, Boone John M, Liu Shanshan, Chen Tiao, Zheng Fenglian, Zhu Ye, Sun Yong, Rong Yi, Qiu Jianfeng
机构信息
Medical Engineering and Technology Center, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
Department of Radiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China.
出版信息
Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2019 Jan;9(1):63-74. doi: 10.21037/qims.2019.01.05.
BACKGROUND
Breast imaging technology plays an important role in breast cancer planning and treatment. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has become a trending issue in phantom constructions for medical applications, with its advantages of being customizable and cost-efficient. However, there is no current practice in the field of multi-purpose breast phantom for quality control (QC) in multi-modalities imaging. The purpose of this study was to fabricate a multi-purpose breast phantom with tissue-equivalent materials via a 3D printing technique for QC in multi-modalities imaging.
METHODS
We used polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based materials and a 3D printing technique to construct a breast phantom. The phantom incorporates structures imaged in the female breast such as microcalcifications, fiber lesions, and tumors with different sizes. Moreover, the phantom was used to assess the sensitivity of lesion detection, depth resolution, and detectability thresholds with different imaging modalities. Phantom tissue equivalent properties were determined using computed tomography (CT) attenuation [Hounsfield unit (HU)] and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxation times.
RESULTS
The 3D-printed breast phantom had an average background value of 36.2 HU, which is close to that of glandular breast tissue (40 HU). T1 and T2 relaxation times had an average relaxation time of 206.81±17.50 and 20.22±5.74 ms, respectively. Mammographic imaging had improved detection of microcalcification compared with ultrasound and MRI with multiple sequences [T1WI, T2WI and short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR)]. Soft-tissue lesion detection and cylindrical tumor contrast were superior with mammography and MRI compared to ultrasound. Hemispherical tumor detection was similar regardless of the imaging modality used.
CONCLUSIONS
We developed a multi-purpose breast phantom using a 3D printing technique and determined its value for multi-modal breast imaging studies.
背景
乳腺成像技术在乳腺癌的规划和治疗中起着重要作用。近年来，三维（3D）打印技术因其可定制和成本效益高的优点，已成为医学应用中体模构建的热门话题。然而，在多模态成像质量控制（QC）的多用途乳腺体模领域，目前尚无相关实践。本研究的目的是通过3D打印技术，用组织等效材料制作一种用于多模态成像QC的多用途乳腺体模。
方法
我们使用基于聚氯乙烯（PVC）的材料和3D打印技术构建了一个乳腺体模。该体模包含女性乳腺中成像的结构，如微钙化、纤维病变和不同大小的肿瘤。此外，该体模用于评估不同成像模态下病变检测的灵敏度、深度分辨率和可检测性阈值。使用计算机断层扫描（CT）衰减[亨氏单位（HU）]和磁共振成像（MRI）弛豫时间来确定体模组织等效特性。
结果
3D打印的乳腺体模平均背景值为36.2 HU，接近腺性乳腺组织的背景值（40 HU）。T1和T2弛豫时间的平均弛豫时间分别为206.81±17.50和20.22±5.74 ms。与超声和多序列MRI[T1WI、T2WI和短反转时间反转恢复（STIR）]相比，乳腺钼靶成像对微钙化的检测有所改善。与超声相比，乳腺钼靶和MRI在软组织病变检测和圆柱形肿瘤对比度方面更具优势。无论使用哪种成像模态，半球形肿瘤的检测效果相似。
结论
我们使用3D打印技术开发了一种多用途乳腺体模，并确定了其在多模态乳腺成像研究中的价值。
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