Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
J Endocrinol Invest. 2019 Sep;42(9):1011-1018. doi: 10.1007/s40618-019-01022-9. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
The gut microbiome is emerging as an important player in the field of metabolic disorders.
Currently, several studies are ongoing to determine whether the effect of gut microbiome on obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and other metabolic diseases is determined by singular species or rather by a functional role of bacterial metabolism at higher taxonomical level. Deciphering if a single or more species are responsible for metabolic traits or rather microbial metabolic pathways are responsible for effects on host metabolism may help to identify appropriate dietary interventions to support microbial functions according to the prevalent host disease. Furthermore, the combination of metagenomics and metabolomics-based signature might be applied in the future to improve the risk prediction in healthy subjects.
In this review, I will summarize the current findings regarding the role of gut microbiome and metabolites in metabolic disorders to argue whether the current achievements may be translated into clinical practice.
肠道微生物组作为代谢紊乱领域的重要参与者正在逐渐兴起。
目前，有几项研究正在进行中，以确定肠道微生物组对肥胖、2 型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等代谢性疾病的影响是由单一物种决定的，还是由更高分类学水平的细菌代谢的功能作用决定的。如果单一或多种物种负责代谢特征，还是微生物代谢途径负责对宿主代谢的影响，这有助于根据宿主疾病的流行情况，确定适当的饮食干预措施来支持微生物功能。此外，基于宏基因组学和代谢组学的特征的组合可能会在未来应用于改善健康受试者的风险预测。
在这篇综述中，我将总结肠道微生物组和代谢物在代谢紊乱中的作用的现有发现，以论证目前的研究成果是否可以转化为临床实践。
