College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
Shandong Institute of New Urbanization, Shandong Management University, Jinan 250357, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 20;16(4):623. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16040623.
Facing a growing amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), a recent recast of the WEEE directive has put a specific reuse target for manufacturers, aiming to reduce environmental pollution and incentivize a green product design. In this paper, in order to examine whether the above two goals can be achieved by setting a specific reuse target, we have modelled a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a supplier (the leader) and a manufacturer (the follower) with the constraint of a mandated remanufacturing target. In this model, the supplier determines the level of interchangeability in product design and the wholesale price of the key component. The manufacturer buys the key components from the supplier and makes production and remanufacturing decisions under the requirement of a mandated remanufacturing target. We have investigated the supply chain's members' optimal decisions and analyzed the impact of the mandated remanufacturing target on the optimal profits of the supply chain's members and consumer surplus, and finally, we have explored the environmental implications of the mandated remanufacturing target. We found that the supply chain's members' optimal decisions are affected by the mandated remanufacturing target and the cost of the new component. In terms of the economic implications of the mandated remanufacturing target, we have demonstrated that the increase in the mandated remanufacturing target has negative effects on the profits of the supply chain's members and consumer surplus. Regarding the goal of incentivizing green product design, we found that the mandated remanufacturing target cannot always incentivize the supplier to implement product design that is beneficial to remanufacturing. From the perspective of the environment, we further indicate that more stringent mandated remanufacturing targets may bring an undesirable environmental outcome.
面对日益增长的电子废物（WEEE），最近对 WEEE 指令的修订为制造商设定了特定的再利用目标，旨在减少环境污染并激励绿色产品设计。在本文中，为了检验通过设定特定的再利用目标是否可以实现上述两个目标，我们构建了一个由供应商（领导者）和制造商（追随者）组成的闭环供应链模型，该模型受到强制再制造目标的约束。在该模型中，供应商确定产品设计的可互换性水平和关键部件的批发价格。制造商从供应商处购买关键组件，并在强制再制造目标的要求下做出生产和再制造决策。我们研究了供应链成员的最优决策，并分析了强制再制造目标对供应链成员和消费者剩余最优利润的影响，最后，我们探讨了强制再制造目标的环境影响。我们发现，供应链成员的最优决策受到强制再制造目标和新部件成本的影响。就强制再制造目标的经济影响而言，我们证明增加强制再制造目标对供应链成员和消费者剩余的利润产生负面影响。关于激励绿色产品设计的目标，我们发现强制再制造目标并不总是能够激励供应商实施有利于再制造的产品设计。从环境的角度来看，我们进一步表明，更严格的强制再制造目标可能带来不理想的环境结果。
