Business School, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
School of Management Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 16;19(12):7400. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127400.
To investigate how legal constraints on the recycling rate of used products and carbon trading mechanisms affect the profits and other decisions of supply chain system members, this paper develops and solves a two-cycle game model in which the manufacturer dominates while the retailer takes a secondary position; the manufacturer produces only non-low-carbon new products in the first cycle and both new and low-carbon remanufactured products in the second cycle. Simultaneously, the effects of parameters such as recovery rate, unit carbon trading price, and carbon emission reduction factor on the decision making of members of the supply chain system are also discussed. Finally, the conclusions are verified by numerical analysis: (1) When carbon reduction is low, the manufacturer will choose the highest recycling rate to obtain the highest profit, and when carbon reduction is high, manufacturers tend to choose not to recycle when the minimum recycling rate bound by law harms the interests of manufacturers. (2) Under the implementation of the carbon trading mechanism, the unit carbon trading price affects the profits of the members of the supply chain system depending on the size of the carbon emission reduction, and the two are negatively correlated at lower carbon emission reductions and positively correlated at higher carbon emission reductions. (3) From the perspective of supply chain system members' interests, legal constraints and the existence of carbon trading mechanisms are not always conducive to increasing the margins of members of the supply chain system, both relevant to the size of carbon emission reductions. (4) From the perspective of environmental benefits, supply chain members do not need to pay economic costs in all cases to contribute to environmental benefits, and the existence of minimum recycling rate constraints and carbon trading mechanisms are conducive to achieving carbon reduction targets.
为了研究产品再循环率的法律限制和碳交易机制对供应链系统成员利润和其他决策的影响，本文构建并求解了一个两周期博弈模型，其中制造商占据主导地位，零售商处于次要地位；在第一个周期，制造商只生产非低碳新产品，而在第二个周期，制造商既生产新的低碳再制造产品，也生产非低碳再制造产品。同时，还讨论了回收率、单位碳交易价格和碳减排因子等参数对供应链系统成员决策的影响。最后，通过数值分析验证了结论：（1）当碳减排水平较低时，制造商将选择最高的再循环率以获得最高的利润，而当碳减排水平较高时，制造商倾向于选择不回收，此时法律规定的最低回收比率会损害制造商的利益。（2）在碳交易机制的实施下，单位碳交易价格取决于碳减排的大小，影响供应链系统成员的利润，在碳减排水平较低时，两者呈负相关，而在碳减排水平较高时，两者呈正相关。（3）从供应链系统成员利益的角度来看，法律约束和碳交易机制的存在并不总是有利于增加供应链系统成员的利润，这两者都与碳减排的大小有关。（4）从环境效益的角度来看，在所有情况下供应链成员都不需要付出经济成本就能为环境效益做出贡献，而最低回收比率约束和碳交易机制的存在有利于实现碳减排目标。
