Laboratory of Radiation and Extreme Neurophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Problems RAS, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76A, Moscow 123007, Russia.
Laboratory of Radiation and Extreme Neurophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Problems RAS, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76A, Moscow 123007, Russia.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2019 Feb;20:12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Ionizing radiation and hypogravity can cause central nervous system (CNS) dysfunctions. This is a key limiting factor for deep space missions. Up until now, the mechanisms through which they affect the neural tissue are not completely understood.
We studied how the combination of hypogravity (antiorthostatic suspension model, AS) and ionizing radiations (γ-quanta and H together, R) affects the CNS.
We applied separately and in combination AS and R to determine the influence of these factors on behavior and metabolism of monoamines in Wistar rat's brain.
We found out that R has a slight effect on both the behavior and metabolism of monoamines. However, when applied in combination with AS the former was able to reduce the negative effects of the latter. The combined effect of ionizing radiation and hypogravity led to the recovery of locomotor activity, orientation and exploratory behavior, and long-term context memory impaired under the impact of hypogravity only. These changes came together with an increase in the serotonin and dopamine turnover in all of the brain structures that were studied.
We received the first evidence of interferential interaction between the effects of ionizing radiation and hypogravity factors with regard to a behavior and monoamine turnover in the brain. Further studies with heavy nuclei at relevant doses (<0.5 Gy) are needed.
电离辐射和低重力会导致中枢神经系统（CNS）功能障碍。这是深空任务的一个关键限制因素。到目前为止，它们影响神经组织的机制还不完全清楚。
我们研究了低重力（反重力悬挂模型，AS）和电离辐射（γ 量子和 H 一起，R）的组合如何影响中枢神经系统。
我们分别和组合应用 AS 和 R，以确定这些因素对 Wistar 大鼠大脑中单胺类物质代谢和行为的影响。
我们发现 R 对单胺类物质的行为和代谢都有轻微的影响。然而，当与 AS 联合应用时，前者能够减轻后者的负面影响。电离辐射和低重力的联合作用导致仅在低重力作用下受损的运动活动、定向和探索行为以及长期情景记忆得到恢复。这些变化伴随着所有研究的脑结构中 5-羟色胺和多巴胺周转率的增加。
我们首次获得了关于电离辐射和低重力因素对大脑行为和单胺类物质周转率影响的干涉相互作用的证据。需要在相关剂量（<0.5Gy）下用重核进行进一步研究。
