Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
BMJ Open. 2019 Feb 22;9(2):e022640. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022640.
To explore ethnic differences in changes in body mass index (BMI) from the age of 18 years to 3 months postpartum.
A population-based cohort study.
Child Health Clinics in Oslo, Norway.
Participants were 811 pregnant women (mean age 30 years). Ethnicity was categorised into six groups.
The outcome variable was BMI (kg/m) measured at the age of 18 and 25 years, at prepregnancy and at 3 months postpartum. Body weight at 18 years, 25 years and prepregnancy were self-reported in early pregnancy, while body height and weight at 3 months postpartum were measured. The main statistical method was generalised estimating equations, adjusted for age. The analyses were stratified by parity due to ethnicity×time×parity interaction (p<0.001).
Primiparous South Asian women had a 1.45 (95% CI 0.39 to 2.52) kg/m² higher and Middle Eastern women had 1.43 (0.16 to 2.70) kg/m higher mean BMI increase from 18 years to postpartum than Western European women. Among multiparous women, the mean BMI increased 1.99 (1.02 to 2.95) kg/m more in South Asian women, 1.48 (0.31 to 2.64) kg/m more in Middle Eastern women and 2.49 (0.55 to 4.42) kg/m more in African women than in Western European women from 18 years to prepregnancy. From 18 years to postpartum, the mean increase was 4.40 (2.38 to 6.42) kg/m higher in African women and 1.94 to 2.78 kg/m higher in the other groups than in Western European women.
Multiparous women of ethnic minority origin seem substantially more prone to long-term weight gain than multiparous Western European women in Norway.
探讨从 18 岁到产后 3 个月期间体重指数（BMI）变化的种族差异。
基于人群的队列研究。
挪威奥斯陆的儿童保健诊所。
811 名孕妇（平均年龄 30 岁）。种族分为六组。
结局变量为 18 岁、25 岁、孕前和产后 3 个月时的 BMI（kg/m）。18 岁、25 岁和孕前的体重在早孕时自我报告，而产后 3 个月的身高和体重则进行测量。主要的统计方法是广义估计方程，按年龄调整。由于种族×时间×产次交互作用（p<0.001），分析按产次分层。
初产妇中，南亚女性的 BMI 增加了 1.45（95%CI 0.39 至 2.52）kg/m²，中东女性增加了 1.43（0.16 至 2.70）kg/m²，高于西欧女性。在多产妇中，南亚女性的 BMI 从 18 岁到孕前增加了 1.99（1.02 至 2.95）kg/m，中东女性增加了 1.48（0.31 至 2.64）kg/m，非洲女性增加了 2.49（0.55 至 4.42）kg/m，均高于西欧女性。从 18 岁到产后，非洲女性的平均增幅比西欧女性高 4.40（2.38 至 6.42）kg/m，其他组的增幅比西欧女性高 1.94 至 2.78 kg/m。
与挪威的多产妇西欧女性相比，少数民族多产妇长期增重的风险似乎明显更高。
