Díaz Marina L, Soresi Daniela S, Basualdo Jessica, Cuppari Selva J, Carrera Alicia
Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
Mol Biol Rep. 2019 Apr;46(2):2427-2445. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-04704-y. Epub 2019 Feb 23.
Understanding the genetic basis of cold tolerance is a key step towards obtaining new and improved crop varieties. Current geographical distribution of durum wheat in Argentina exposes the plants to frost damage when spikes have already emerged. Biochemical pathways involved in cold tolerance are known to be early activated at above freezing temperatures. In this study we reported the transcriptome of CBW0101 spring durum wheat by merging data from untreated control and cold (5 °C) treated plant samples at reproductive stage. A total of 128,804 unigenes were predicted. Near 62% of the unigenes were annotated in at least one database. In total 876 unigenes were differentially expressed (DEGs), 562 were up-regulated and 314 down-regulated in treated samples. DEGs are involved in many critical processes including, photosynthetic activity, lipid and carbohydrate synthesis and accumulation of amino acids and seed proteins. Twenty-eight transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 14 families resulted differentially expressed from which eight families comprised of only TFs induced by cold. We also found 31 differentially expressed Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), most of them up-regulated in treated plants. Two of these lncRNAs could operate via microRNAs (miRNAs) target mimic. Our results suggest a reprogramming of expression patterns in CBW0101 that affects a number of genes that is closer to the number reported in winter genotypes. These observations could partially explain its moderate tolerance (low proportion of frost-damaged spikes) when exposed to freezing days in the field.
了解耐寒性的遗传基础是培育新的改良作物品种的关键一步。阿根廷硬粒小麦目前的地理分布使植株在穗已抽出时易受冻害。已知参与耐寒性的生化途径在高于冰点的温度下会早期激活。在本研究中，我们通过合并生殖阶段未处理对照和冷处理（5°C）植物样本的数据，报道了CBW0101春性硬粒小麦的转录组。共预测了128,804个单基因。近62%的单基因在至少一个数据库中得到注释。处理后的样本中共有876个单基因差异表达（DEG），其中562个上调，314个下调。DEG参与许多关键过程，包括光合作用、脂质和碳水化合物合成以及氨基酸和种子蛋白的积累。属于14个家族的28个转录因子（TF）差异表达，其中8个家族仅由冷诱导的TF组成。我们还发现了31个差异表达的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA），其中大多数在处理后的植物中上调。其中两个lncRNA可以通过微小RNA（miRNA）靶标模拟发挥作用。我们的结果表明CBW0101中的表达模式发生了重编程，影响了许多基因，这一数量更接近冬性基因型中报道的数量。这些观察结果可以部分解释其在田间暴露于冰冻天气时的中等耐受性（冻害穗比例低）。
