Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Microb Pathog. 2019 Apr;129:271-276. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.02.024. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen in aquaculture systems being associated to extensive liver damage caused by oxidative stress in both marine and freshwater fish. Dietary supplementation with natural antioxidants is considered a rational strategy to prevent hepatic diseases involved with oxidative stress. Bio-residues resulting from the wine industry, such as grape pomace, are potential sources of bioactive phenolic compounds that can be applied as supplement for animal production. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with grape pomace flour (GPF) was able to prevent or reduce the hepatic oxidative damage of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, experimentally infected by P. aeruginosa. Hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS), metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and protein carbonylation levels were higher in fish experimentally infected by P. aeruginosa compared to the control group. Hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radical levels were also higher in fish experimentally infected by P. aeruginosa compared to the control group. Dietary supplementation with 300 mg/kg GPF prevented all alterations elicited by P. aeruginosa, with the exception of protein carbonylation levels. The dietary supplementation with 150 mg/kg GPF was not able to avoid alteration of the analyzed variables, being results similar to those infected (positive control). Based on these results, dietary supplementation with 300 mg/kg GPF prevented P. aeruginosa-induced liver damage in grass carp, and this protective effect occurred through prevention on excessive ROS and NOx production, as well as via prevention of lipid damage. Moreover, 300 mg/kg GPF exerted its hepatoprotective effects by improving enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system. In summary, this supplementation can be an interesting approach to prevent P. aeruginosa-induced liver damage.
铜绿假单胞菌是水产养殖系统中的革兰氏阴性机会性病原体，与海洋和淡水鱼类的氧化应激引起的广泛肝损伤有关。膳食补充天然抗氧化剂被认为是预防与氧化应激相关的肝疾病的合理策略。葡萄酒工业产生的生物残留物，如葡萄渣，是具有生物活性酚类化合物的潜在来源，可以作为动物生产的补充剂。因此，本研究旨在评估膳食补充葡萄渣粉（GPF）是否能够预防或减轻草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）实验性感染铜绿假单胞菌引起的肝氧化损伤。与对照组相比，实验性感染铜绿假单胞菌的鱼的肝活性氧（ROS）、一氧化氮（NOx）代谢物、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质和蛋白质羰基化水平更高。与对照组相比，实验性感染铜绿假单胞菌的鱼的肝超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及抗过氧自由基水平的抗氧化能力也更高。膳食补充 300mg/kg GPF 可预防铜绿假单胞菌引起的所有变化，除了蛋白质羰基化水平。膳食补充 150mg/kg GPF 不能避免分析变量的改变，结果与感染组（阳性对照）相似。基于这些结果，膳食补充 300mg/kg GPF 可预防草鱼感染铜绿假单胞菌引起的肝损伤，这种保护作用是通过预防过量 ROS 和 NOx 的产生以及预防脂质损伤来实现的。此外，300mg/kg GPF 通过改善酶和非酶抗氧化防御系统发挥其肝保护作用。总之，这种补充剂可能是预防铜绿假单胞菌引起的肝损伤的一种有趣方法。
