Quagliardi Martina, Frapiccini Emanuela, Marini Mauro, Panfili Monica, Santanatoglia Agnese, Kouamo Nguefang Manuella Lesly, Roncarati Alessandra, Vittori Sauro, Borsetta Germana
School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, 62024, Italy.
National Research Council-Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR-IRBIM), Ancona, 60125, Italy.
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 29;10(5):e27443. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27443. eCollection 2024 Mar 15.
Grape by-products have already been used in cosmetics, food industries, but also animal feed industry, especially monogastrics and in aquaculture. Grape by-products have been studied for a long time and their principal activities are antimicrobial and antioxidant. Concerning aquaculture, the great demand and necessity to replace animal sources with vegetable ones, has placed grape by-products as possible new phytonutrients with beneficial properties. The purpose of this review is to describe the use of grape by-products in aquaculture, during the last decade, concerning their effects on: 1) gut health and welfare status; 2) growth performances; 3) quality of fillets and flesh during the rearing cycle and shelf-life products. Although other studies highlighted that the high supplementation of grape by-products could negatively affect fish health and growth, due to antinutritional factors (tannins), grape by-products are proven to be valuable phytonutrients that can be incorporated into fish feed to enhance growth and health during rearing conditions. Even in fish products, their utilization has proven to elongate the properties and shelf-life of fillets and minces. Further studies to evaluate the possible integrations or replacements with grape by-products in fish feed in order to evaluate their effectiveness in aquaculture from a sustainable circular economy perspective will be desirable to enhance the use of these products.
葡萄副产品已被用于化妆品、食品工业，也用于动物饲料工业，特别是单胃动物饲料和水产养殖。葡萄副产品已经被研究了很长时间，其主要活性为抗菌和抗氧化。在水产养殖方面，用植物源替代动物源的巨大需求和必要性，使葡萄副产品成为具有有益特性的潜在新植物营养素。本综述的目的是描述过去十年中葡萄副产品在水产养殖中的应用，及其对以下方面的影响：1）肠道健康和福利状况；2）生长性能；3）养殖周期和产品保质期内鱼片和鱼肉的品质。尽管其他研究强调，由于抗营养因子（单宁），高剂量添加葡萄副产品可能会对鱼类健康和生长产生负面影响，但葡萄副产品已被证明是有价值的植物营养素，可添加到鱼饲料中，以促进养殖过程中的生长和健康。即使在鱼产品中，其使用也已证明能延长鱼片和鱼糜的品质和保质期。为了从可持续循环经济的角度评估其在水产养殖中的有效性，进一步研究评估葡萄副产品在鱼饲料中的可能整合或替代将有助于增加这些产品的使用。
