Alreheili K, Almehaidib A, Banemi M, Aldekhail W, Alsaleem K
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Maternity and Children's Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2016 Dec;3(4):175-179. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2016.08.004. Epub 2016 Sep 15.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and indeterminate colitis (IC). IBD is a disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with frequent relapse and remission courses. There is limited information regarding this disease in Saudi children, despite a rising worldwide incidence of IBD. We aim to study the clinical and demographic characteristics of Saudi children diagnosed with IBD at time of presentation. diagnosis, disease localization, and growth of pediatric IBD patients were compared with international data.
In this retrospective study, charts of all children under the age of 14 years who were diagnosed with IBD and received follow-up at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) from January 2001 to December 2011 were reviewed.
Sixty-six children were diagnosed with IBD; 36 (54.5%) had Crohn's disease (CD), 27 (41%) had ulcerative colitis (UC), and 3 (4.5%) had indeterminate colitis (IC). A male predominance was demonstrated in both CD (61%) and UC (56.6%). The mean age at diagnosis was 9.3, 7.3, and 7.5 years in CD, UC and IC, respectively. A positive family history was found in 19.7% of all patients. The most common presenting symptoms were diarrhea (89.4%), rectal bleeding (75.8%), and abdominal pain (62%). The most common site affected in CD was the ileocolonic region (41.6%) while pancolitis was predominant in UC (74.1%).
CD is the most prevalent form of IBD in Saudi children. Male predominance and a high rate of growth failure were documented in children with CD. Clinical presentation, family history, and disease localization are comparable to international data.
炎症性肠病（IBD）包括克罗恩病（CD）、溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和未定型结肠炎（IC）。IBD是一种以胃肠道慢性炎症为特征的疾病，病程常反复复发与缓解。尽管IBD在全球的发病率呈上升趋势，但沙特儿童中关于这种疾病的信息有限。我们旨在研究初次就诊时被诊断为IBD的沙特儿童的临床和人口统计学特征。将儿科IBD患者的诊断、疾病定位及生长情况与国际数据进行比较。
在这项回顾性研究中，对2001年1月至2011年12月期间在法赫德国王专科医院及研究中心（KFSHRC）被诊断为IBD并接受随访的所有14岁以下儿童的病历进行了回顾。
66名儿童被诊断为IBD；36名（54.5%）患有克罗恩病（CD），27名（占41%）患有溃疡性结肠炎（UC），3名（占4.5%）患有未定型结肠炎（IC）。CD（61%）和UC（56.6%）中均以男性居多。CD、UC和IC的平均诊断年龄分别为9.3岁、7.3岁和7.5岁。19.7%的所有患者有阳性家族史。最常见的首发症状为腹泻（89.4%）、直肠出血（75.8%）和腹痛（62%）。CD中最常受累的部位是回结肠区域（41.6%），而UC中全结肠炎最为常见（74.1%）。
CD是沙特儿童中最常见的IBD类型。CD患儿中存在男性居多及生长发育迟缓率高的情况。临床表现、家族史及疾病定位与国际数据具有可比性。
