Hrabovsky Shari M, Midya Vishal, Lester Courtney, Veldheer Susan, Yingst Jessica M, Allen Sophia I, Krebs Nicolle M, Liao Jason, Reinhart Lisa, Modesto Jennifer, Evins A Eden, Richie John P, Muscat Joshua E, Horn Kimberly, Foulds Jonathan
Assistant Research Professor, Penn State College of Nursing, Hershey, PA;, Email:
Pre-Doctoral Scholar, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.
Am J Health Behav. 2019 Mar 1;43(2):380-392. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.43.2.14.
Cigarettes vary in rod length but are generally thought of as a constant unit. In this study, we evaluated whether the rod length of participants' usual brand cigarettes affected their perceptions and smoking habits when switching to SPECTRUMs. Data were analyzed for 341 participants smoking their own brand cigarettes for one week and after switching to normal nicotine content (11.6 mg) SPECTRUMs for 2 weeks. Changes in perceptions of cigarette attributes and biomarkers of smoke exposure were evaluated using linear mixed models among 3 groups: usual length short (ULS, 72 mm); medium/king (ULM, ~84 mm); and long (ULL ≥ 100 mm). Among the 3 cigarette length groups, only ULL smokers' rated SPECTRUMs significantly less strong, harder to draw, lower in taste, and lower in enjoyment (p < .03) compared to usual brand. Among all groups, satisfaction was significantly lower for SPECTRUMs (p < .02). Cigarettes per day (CPD) increased significantly more for ULL (+4.75 CPD) as compared to ULM (+1.38 CPD) (p < .001). When switching to SPECTRUMs, cotinine-per-cigarette decreased among all groups, and exhaled carbon monoxide increased significantly in ULL and ULM smokers (p < .001). People who smoked long cigarettes had the largest changes in perceptions and use when switching to SPECTRUM research cigarettes.
香烟的烟杆长度各不相同，但通常被视为一个固定单位。在本研究中，我们评估了参与者常用品牌香烟的烟杆长度在他们改用SPECTRUM香烟时是否会影响他们的认知和吸烟习惯。对341名参与者的数据进行了分析，这些参与者先吸自己品牌的香烟一周，然后改用正常尼古丁含量（11.6毫克）的SPECTRUM香烟两周。使用线性混合模型在三个组中评估香烟属性认知和烟雾暴露生物标志物的变化：常用短长度（ULS，72毫米）；中/长（ULM，约84毫米）；以及长（ULL≥100毫米）。在这三个香烟长度组中，与常用品牌相比，只有ULL吸烟者对SPECTRUM香烟的评价明显更淡、更难吸、味道更差、享受程度更低（p<0.03）。在所有组中，对SPECTRUM香烟的满意度明显更低（p<0.02）。与ULM组（+1.38支/天）相比，ULL组（+4.75支/天）每天吸烟量（CPD）的增加明显更多（p<0.001）。改用SPECTRUM香烟时，所有组每支香烟的可替宁含量均下降，ULL组和ULM组吸烟者呼出的一氧化碳明显增加（p<0.001）。吸长香烟的人在改用SPECTRUM研究香烟时，认知和使用方面的变化最大。
