大麦黄条纹花叶病毒侵染叙利亚小麦夏季育苗场的首次记录

Makkouk Khaled M, Kumari Safaa G, Ghulam Widad, Attar Nouran

Germplasm Program, Virology Laboratory, ICARDA, P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria.

Plant Dis. 2004 Jan;88(1):83. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.83A.

A limited survey to identify virus diseases affecting wheat in summer nurseries in agricultural stations in southern Syria was conducted during October 2002. A total of 94 bread and durum wheat samples with symptoms suggestive of virus infection (stripping, stunting, and yellowing) were collected. All samples were tested for the presence of four viruses by tissue-blot immunoassay (2) at the Virology Laboratory of ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria using the following polyclonal antibodies: Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV); Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) from the Virology Laboratory at ICARDA; and Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) isolated from Italy (BYSMV-Italy) and provided by M. Conti, Instituto di Fitovirologia applicata, Turino, Italy. Serological results obtained indicated that BYSMV was the most commonly encountered virus (78.7%) followed by BYDV-PAV (22.3%), whereas, BSMV and WSMV were not detected in any of the samples tested. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by western blots, purified BYSMV preparations were observed to contain a 47-kDa structural protein typical of the N protein of Rhabdoviruses that reacted strongly with three BYSMV antisera (BYSMV-Italy, BYSMV-Lebanon [4], and BYSMV-Morocco [1]). Samples that reacted with BYSMV antisera were transmitted from wheat to wheat, barley, and oat plants by the planthopper Laodelphax striatella (Fallen) (Hemiptera: family Delphacidae) in a persistent manner, and the major symptoms of BYSMV on cereal crops were stripping and stunting. BYDV-PAV has been reported from Syria earlier (3) but to our knowledge, this is the first report of BYSMV affecting wheat in Syria. References: (1) B. E. Lockhart et al. Plant Dis. 70:1113, 1986. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (3) K. M. Makkouk et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 28:164, 1989. (4) K. M. Makkouk et al. Plant Dis. 85:446, 2001.

2002年10月，在叙利亚南部农业试验站对夏季苗圃中影响小麦的病毒病害进行了一次有限的调查。共采集了94份具有病毒感染症状（条斑、矮化和黄化）的面包小麦和硬粒小麦样本。所有样本均在叙利亚阿勒颇国际干旱地区农业研究中心病毒学实验室，使用以下多克隆抗体，通过组织印迹免疫分析（2）检测四种病毒的存在：来自国际干旱地区农业研究中心病毒学实验室的大麦条纹花叶病毒（BSMV）、大麦黄矮病毒-PAV（BYDV-PAV）和小麦线条花叶病毒（WSMV）；以及从意大利分离并由意大利都灵应用植物病毒学研究所的M. Conti提供的大麦黄条点花叶病毒（BYSMV-意大利）。血清学检测结果表明，BYSMV是最常见的病毒（78.7%），其次是BYDV-PAV（22.3%），而在所有检测样本中均未检测到BSMV和WSMV。在十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及随后的蛋白质印迹分析中，观察到纯化的BYSMV制剂含有一种47 kDa的结构蛋白，这是弹状病毒N蛋白的典型特征，它与三种BYSMV抗血清（BYSMV-意大利、BYSMV-黎巴嫩[4]和BYSMV-摩洛哥[1]）发生强烈反应。与BYSMV抗血清发生反应的样本通过灰飞虱（Fallen）（半翅目：飞虱科）以持久性方式从小麦传播到小麦、大麦和燕麦植株上，BYSMV在谷类作物上的主要症状是条斑和矮化。此前叙利亚已报道过BYDV-PAV（3），但据我们所知，这是关于BYSMV影响叙利亚小麦的首次报道。参考文献：（1）B. E. Lockhart等人，《植物病害》70:1113，1986年。（2）K. M. Makkouk和A. Comeau，《欧洲植物病理学杂志》100:71，1994年。（3）K. M. Makkouk等人，《地中海植物病理学》28:164，1989年。（4）K. M. Makkouk等人，《植物病害》85:446，2001年。