Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, India.
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, India.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 May;98:109-117. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.101. Epub 2018 Dec 29.
Calcium silicate ceramics, in particular wollastonite (CaSiO), is the most commonly used bioactive material for bone regeneration and repairing applications. The present study aims to synthesize cost effective wollastonite using natural waste materials such as rice husk ash (RHA) and eggshells, sources of silica and calcium oxide respectively. Wollastonite was prepared by sol-gel method and based on thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) results the samples were sintered at 850 °C. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) revealed that the sintered samples possess single phasic β-wollastonite. The assessment of bioactivity was examined using in vitro studies by immersing the pellets in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different time periods (3, 7, 14, 21 days). The growth of hydroxyapatite layer on the surface of the sample was analysed using XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The significant change in pH of the SBF solution was observed during the first 11 days of immersion, after which the pH was saturated. Biodegradation test was performed in SBF and Tris buffer solutions according to ISO 10993-14 standard, and the test revealed that the ceramic pellets showed lower degradation rates with slow dissolution of ionic species. MTT assay demonstrated that the prepared wollastonite exhibits cytocompatibility with MG-63 cells at different dosage (1000-50 μg/mL) for 48 h. The results suggested that β-wollastonite can be a low cost bioactive material, which can be useful in biomedical applications.
硅酸钙陶瓷，特别是硅灰石（CaSiO₃），是最常用于骨再生和修复应用的生物活性材料。本研究旨在使用天然废料，如稻壳灰（RHA）和蛋壳，分别作为硅和氧化钙的来源，合成具有成本效益的硅灰石。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备硅灰石，根据热重差热分析（TG/DTA）结果，将样品在 850℃下烧结。X 射线衍射仪（XRD）表明，烧结样品具有单相β-硅灰石。通过将样品在模拟体液（SBF）中浸泡不同时间（3、7、14、21 天）来评估生物活性。使用体外研究来评估生物活性，使用 XRD、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和扫描电子显微镜-能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）分析样品表面羟基磷灰石层的生长。在浸泡的最初 11 天内，观察到 SBF 溶液的 pH 值发生了显著变化，之后 pH 值达到饱和。根据 ISO 10993-14 标准，在 SBF 和 Tris 缓冲溶液中进行了生物降解试验，试验表明陶瓷样品的降解率较低，离子物质的溶解速度较慢。MTT 试验表明，制备的硅灰石在不同剂量（1000-50μg/mL）下 48 h 后与 MG-63 细胞具有细胞相容性。结果表明，β-硅灰石可以作为一种低成本的生物活性材料，可用于生物医学应用。
