Sooriyaarachchi Dilshan, Minière Hugo J, Maharubin Shahrima, Tan George Z
Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Box 43061, Lubbock, TX 79409-3061 USA.
Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2018 Dec 1;16(1):29-38. doi: 10.1007/s13770-018-0169-z. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Latest tissue engineering strategies for musculoskeletal tissues regeneration focus on creating a biomimetic microenvironment closely resembling the natural topology of extracellular matrix. This paper presents a novel musculoskeletal tissue scaffold fabricated by hybrid additive manufacturing method.
The skeleton of the scaffold was 3D printed by fused deposition modeling, and a layer of random or aligned polycaprolactone nanofibers were embedded between two frames. A parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of process parameters on nanofiber morphology. A compression test was performed to study the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Human fibroblast cells were cultured in the scaffold for 7 days to evaluate the effect of scaffold microstructure on cell growth.
The tip-to-collector distance showed a positive correlation with the fiber alignment, and the electrospinning time showed a negative correlation with the fiber density. With reinforced nanofibers, the hybrid scaffold demonstrated superior compression strength compared to conventional 3D-printed scaffold. The hybrid scaffold with aligned nanofibers led to higher cell attachment and proliferation rates, and a directional cell organization. In addition, there was a nonlinear relationship between the fiber diameter/density and the cell actinfilament density.
This hybrid biofabrication process can be established as a highly efficient and scalable platform to fabricate biomimetic scaffolds with patterned fibrous microstructure, and will facilitate future development of clinical solutions for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.
用于肌肉骨骼组织再生的最新组织工程策略聚焦于创建一种与细胞外基质的自然拓扑结构极为相似的仿生微环境。本文介绍了一种通过混合增材制造方法制造的新型肌肉骨骼组织支架。
支架的骨架通过熔融沉积建模进行3D打印，在两个框架之间嵌入一层随机排列或定向排列的聚己内酯纳米纤维。进行了参数研究以探究工艺参数对纳米纤维形态的影响。进行了压缩试验以研究支架的力学性能。将人成纤维细胞在支架中培养7天，以评估支架微观结构对细胞生长的影响。
针尖到收集器的距离与纤维排列呈正相关，静电纺丝时间与纤维密度呈负相关。与传统的3D打印支架相比，带有增强纳米纤维的混合支架表现出更高的抗压强度。具有定向纳米纤维的混合支架导致更高的细胞附着和增殖率，以及细胞的定向排列。此外，纤维直径/密度与细胞肌动蛋白丝密度之间存在非线性关系。
这种混合生物制造工艺可被确立为一个高效且可扩展的平台，用于制造具有图案化纤维微观结构的仿生支架，并将推动肌肉骨骼组织再生临床解决方案的未来发展。
