Rodrigues J C V, Rodriguez C M, Moreira L, Villalobos W, Rivera C, Childers C C
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas/Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Caixa Postal 04,13490-970 Cordeiropolis, SP, Brazil. Bolsista do CNPq-Brasil.
ICAFE, Aparts. 131-3009-37-1000 San Jose, Costa Rica.
Plant Dis. 2002 May;86(5):564. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.5.564B.
Coffee ringspot virus (CoRSV) (family Rhabdoviridae) is transmitted by Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). Coffee ringspot disease was first reported in coffee plants from Brazil in 1939 (1). In August 2000, severe symptoms of concentric ringspots and "oak leaf" patterns on coffee leaves (Coffea arabica L. cv. Catuai) were observed during field inspections conducted in two areas of San Gabriel de Desamparados, Costa Rica. The disease caused premature fruit and leaf drop in the affected plants. Some areas within the ringspot lesions remained green on senescent leaves. Because CoRSV particles remain restricted to lesion areas (1), this virus has not been purified, and antiserum for virus detection is not available. Therefore, leaves with symptoms were collected and examined by transmission electron microscopy. In ultrathin sections of symptomatic leaves, arrays of rhabdovirus-like particles were associated with the nucleus as described for CoRSV (2). Healthy tissues did not contain similar arrays of bacilliform and bullet-shaped particles. Twenty mites collected from the infected plants at the same locations and time were slide-mounted and identified as B. phoenicis. High populations of this mite were also observed infesting plants of Cajanus cajan L. that were intercropped with coffee at the same location. Sweet orange trees growing in the same fields as shade for the coffee did not show symptoms of citrus leprosis, a disease caused by another Brevipalpus-transmitted virus that was recently reported in Panama (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a virus similar to CoRSV in Costa Rica. The spread of this virus, presumably CoRSV, could seriously affect the coffee industry throughout Central America by increasing production costs. It may be necessary to apply one or more foliar acaricides to effectively control the mite vector. References: (1) A. Bitancourt. O. Biol. 5:33, 1939. (2) C. M. Chagas et al. Phytopathol. Z. 102:100, 1981. (3) F. S. Dominguez et al. Plant Dis. 85:228, 2001.
咖啡环斑病毒（CoRSV）（弹状病毒科）由咖啡短须螨（Geijskes）（蜱螨目：细须螨科）传播。咖啡环斑病于1939年首次在巴西的咖啡植株上被报道（1）。2000年8月，在哥斯达黎加圣加布里埃尔·德·德桑帕拉多斯的两个地区进行田间检查时，观察到咖啡叶（阿拉伯咖啡L.品种卡图艾）上出现了严重的同心环斑和“橡树叶”图案症状。该病导致受影响植株的果实和叶片过早掉落。环斑病斑内的一些区域在衰老叶片上仍保持绿色。由于CoRSV粒子局限于病斑区域（1），这种病毒尚未被纯化，也没有用于病毒检测的抗血清。因此，采集了有症状的叶片并通过透射电子显微镜进行检查。在有症状叶片的超薄切片中，观察到了类似弹状病毒的粒子阵列，与CoRSV的情况一致（2）。健康组织中没有类似的杆状和子弹状粒子阵列。在同一地点和时间从受感染植株上采集的20只螨制成玻片标本，鉴定为咖啡短须螨。在同一地点与咖啡间作的木豆植株上也观察到大量这种螨。与咖啡树生长在同一田地为其遮荫的甜橙树没有表现出柑橘麻风病的症状，柑橘麻风病是由另一种由短须螨传播的病毒引起的疾病，最近在巴拿马有报道（3）。据我们所知，这是哥斯达黎加首次报道与CoRSV类似的病毒。这种病毒（推测为CoRSV）的传播可能会通过增加生产成本严重影响中美洲的整个咖啡产业。可能有必要施用一种或多种叶面杀螨剂来有效控制螨类传播媒介。参考文献：（1）A. Bitancourt. O. Biol. 5:33, 1939.（2）C. M. Chagas等人。Phytopathol. Z. 102:100, 1981.（3）F. S. Dominguez等人。Plant Dis. 85:228, 2001.
