Azekour Karima, Belamalem Souad, Soulaymani Abdelmajid, El Houate Brahim, El Bouhali Bachir
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail, BP509, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kenitra, Morocco.
Drugs Real World Outcomes. 2019 Mar;6(1):11-17. doi: 10.1007/s40801-019-0148-2.
Drug overdose, either accidental or intentional, is the most common cause of acute poisoning worldwide.
The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of drug poisoning recorded in the south east of Morocco and to identify the proportion of intentional versus accidental drug overdose.
This was an epidemiological study of 180 cases of medicinal poisoning registered with the Provincial Delegation of Health in Errachidia between January 2004 and December 2016. Information on demographic and drug overdose characteristics was obtained from the regional poison center. Drugs were categorized according to the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification system.
Adults were the most affected group, with a median age of 21 years and a sex ratio of three females to every male. Drug poisoning mainly occurred in urban areas (83% of cases). Regarding clinical signs, 55.2% of patients presented with digestive signs and 27.6% with neurological signs. Other signs were also present: respiratory (5.1%), combined neurological and digestive (4.5%), cardiovascular (3.8%), and general (3.8%). Women represented 88.9% of those who had intentionally overdosed and 64.3% of those who had unintentionally overdosed. Benzodiazepine derivatives and other related drugs were involved in 21.5% of cases of drug poisoning, with other drugs found in patients with drug overdose as follows: paracetamol 3.3%, ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel 5%, and cyproheptadine 1.6%.
Our results indicate that the number of reported cases of drug poisoning in south-east Morocco increased between 2004 and 2016. The intentional use of drugs in overdose was mostly among adults, especially women. The drugs involved were predominantly psycholeptic drugs, followed by analgesics. Mortality was low, but investigation in a representative sample will show the real severity and outcomes of drug overdoses.
药物过量，无论是意外还是故意的，都是全球急性中毒最常见的原因。
本研究的目的是确定摩洛哥东南部记录的药物中毒的流行病学概况，并确定故意与意外药物过量的比例。
这是一项对2004年1月至2016年12月期间在埃尔拉希迪亚省卫生代表团登记的180例药物中毒病例的流行病学研究。有关人口统计学和药物过量特征的信息来自区域中毒中心。药物根据解剖治疗化学（ATC）分类系统进行分类。
成年人是受影响最严重的群体，中位年龄为21岁，性别比为每1名男性对应3名女性。药物中毒主要发生在城市地区（83%的病例）。关于临床体征，55.2%的患者出现消化系统体征，27.6%的患者出现神经系统体征。还出现了其他体征：呼吸系统（5.1%）、神经系统和消化系统合并（4.5%）、心血管系统（3.8%）和全身（3.8%）。故意过量用药的患者中女性占88.9%，意外过量用药的患者中女性占64.3%。苯二氮卓类衍生物及其他相关药物涉及21.5%的药物中毒病例，药物过量患者中发现的其他药物如下：对乙酰氨基酚3.3%、炔雌醇/左炔诺孕酮5%、赛庚啶1.6%。
我们的结果表明，2004年至2016年期间，摩洛哥东南部报告的药物中毒病例数有所增加。过量用药的故意行为主要发生在成年人中，尤其是女性中。涉及的药物主要是抗精神病药物，其次是镇痛药。死亡率较低，但对代表性样本的调查将显示药物过量的实际严重程度和后果。
