Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Feb;145(2):956. doi: 10.1121/1.5090500.
Helicopter noise exhibits distinctive acoustical characteristics (e.g., pulsation) compared to noise from propeller-driven aircraft which contains tonal components. Whereas, at comparable sound exposure levels (L), annoyance reactions to these sources might be different, knowledge of potential annoyance differences is scarce. This paper reports a comparison between short-term annoyance reactions to noise from light-weight helicopters and propeller-driven aircraft in a laboratory setup. Stimuli were presented with a 3D sound reproduction system in a listening test facility based on field recordings of takeoffs and landings. Propagation filtering and amplitude changes were carried out to simulate various propagation distances and source levels, covering a reasonable L range from 64 to 85 dB(A) for a stimuli length of 24 s. Fifty-six subjects rated their short-term annoyance reactions on the ICBEN 11-point numerical scale. Associations between design variables (source type, procedure, and L) and short-term annoyance were explored by means of a linear mixed-effect model. L was found to be the major predictor. For the major range of L, no significant difference was found between annoyance to noise from the two aircraft types. Observed level differences at equal annoyance ratings were below 1 dB. Furthermore, helicopter landings were found slightly more annoying than helicopter takeoffs.
直升机噪声与螺旋桨驱动飞机的噪声相比具有独特的声学特征（例如脉动），后者包含音调成分。然而，在可比的声暴露水平（L）下，这些噪声源的烦扰反应可能不同，但对潜在烦扰差异的了解却很少。本文报告了在实验室环境中对轻型直升机和螺旋桨驱动飞机噪声的短期烦扰反应的比较。刺激物通过基于起飞和着陆现场录音的听力测试设施中的 3D 声音再现系统呈现。进行了传播滤波和幅度变化，以模拟各种传播距离和源级，覆盖了从 64 到 85dB(A)的合理 L 范围，刺激持续时间为 24 秒。56 名受试者根据 ICBEN 11 点数字量表对其短期烦扰反应进行了评分。通过线性混合效应模型探索了设计变量（源类型、程序和 L）与短期烦扰之间的关系。发现 L 是主要预测因素。对于主要的 L 范围，两种飞机类型的噪声引起的烦扰没有显著差异。在相同烦扰等级下观察到的电平差异低于 1dB。此外，直升机着陆被发现比直升机起飞略令人讨厌。
