Toronto Eye Care, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Ocul Surf. 2019 Jul;17(3):526-531. doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.02.011. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
Population-based cross-sectional survey in Ontario to estimate the 2016 prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and associated risk factors among adults in Canada.
We emailed the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) to 124,469 Ontario adults (age ≥18 years) in the IQVIA E360 database, March-April 2017. Inclusion criteria were: ≥2 visits to an Ontario based clinic, ≥1 visits in the 1 year before the study; database record with email. DED was defined as a DEQ-5 score of >6/22. The crude prevalence by age/sex of the Ontario sample was adjusted to the 2016 Canadian population (mean age 41.0 years, 51% female). Significance of DED risk factors (age, sex, selected diseases/medical conditions and medications) was evaluated by logistic regression analysis.
Of the 5163 (4.1%) patients who completed the survey (59.5% female, median age, 46 years; 40.4% male, 56 years), 1135 respondents reported DED. Prevalence increased with age (p < 0.05) and was highest among those aged 55-64 years (24.7%; 95% CI, 22.1-27.3%) and lowest among those aged 25-34 years (18.4%; 95% CI, 15.9-21.0%). Prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among women (24.7%; 95% CI, 23.2-26.2%) than men (18.0%; 95% CI, 16.4-19.7%). Other risk factors were not significant. The age-/sex-adjusted Canadian DED prevalence estimate from this sample was 21.3% (95% CI, 19.8-23.2%), corresponding to ∼6.3 million people.
Based on the Ontario sample, we estimate that >6 million Canadian adults may have DED, and that older people and females are more likely to be affected.
在安大略省进行基于人群的横断面调查，估计 2016 年加拿大成年人干眼症 (DED) 的患病率和相关危险因素。
我们于 2017 年 3 月至 4 月向 IQVIA E360 数据库中的 124469 名安大略省成年人（年龄≥18 岁）发送了 5 项干眼症问卷（DEQ-5）。纳入标准为：在安大略省的诊所就诊≥2 次，在研究前 1 年就诊≥1 次；数据库记录中有电子邮件。DED 定义为 DEQ-5 评分>6/22。安大略省样本的年龄/性别粗患病率被调整为 2016 年加拿大人口（平均年龄 41.0 岁，51%为女性）。通过 logistic 回归分析评估 DED 危险因素（年龄、性别、选定疾病/医学状况和药物）的意义。
在完成调查的 5163 名患者中（59.5%为女性，中位年龄为 46 岁；40.4%为男性，年龄为 56 岁），有 1135 名患者报告患有 DED。患病率随年龄增长而增加（p<0.05），在 55-64 岁年龄组中最高（24.7%；95%CI，22.1-27.3%），在 25-34 岁年龄组中最低（18.4%；95%CI，15.9-21.0%）。女性（24.7%；95%CI，23.2-26.2%）的患病率明显高于男性（18.0%；95%CI，16.4-19.7%）（p<0.001）。其他危险因素无显著差异。该样本中年龄/性别调整后的加拿大 DED 患病率估计为 21.3%（95%CI，19.8-23.2%），相当于约 630 万人。
根据安大略省样本，我们估计有超过 600 万加拿大成年人可能患有 DED，且老年人和女性更容易受到影响。
