Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Viruses. 2019 Mar 2;11(3):212. doi: 10.3390/v11030212.
MERS-CoV is present in dromedary camels throughout the Middle East and Africa. Dromedary camels are the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infections. Interruption of the zoonotic transmission chain from camels to humans, therefore, may be an effective strategy to control the ongoing MERS-CoV outbreak. Here we show that vaccination with an adjuvanted MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from MERS-CoV disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedding in the upper airways of dromedary camels. Protection in alpaca correlates with high serum neutralizing antibody titers. Lower titers of serum neutralizing antibodies correlate with delayed and significantly reduced shedding in the nasal turbinates of dromedary camels. Together, these data indicate that induction of robust neutralizing humoral immune responses by vaccination of naïve animals reduces shedding that potentially could diminish the risk of zoonotic transmission.
中东和非洲的所有单峰驼中均存在 MERS-CoV。单峰驼是人感染的主要人畜共患病储存宿主。因此，中断骆驼向人类的人畜共患病传播链可能是控制当前 MERS-CoV 爆发的有效策略。在这里，我们证明，用佐剂 MERS-CoV 刺突蛋白亚单位疫苗进行免疫接种可完全预防骆驼感染 MERS-CoV 疾病，并导致单峰驼上呼吸道中病毒脱落减少和延迟。在羊驼中的保护作用与高血清中和抗体滴度相关。血清中和抗体滴度较低与鼻腔鼻甲中的脱落延迟和显著减少相关。这些数据表明，通过对无经验动物进行疫苗接种来诱导强大的中和体液免疫反应，可减少潜在的人畜共患病传播风险。
