Lucidi Fabio, Mallia Luca, Giannini Anna Maria, Sgalla Roberto, Lazuras Lambros, Chirico Andrea, Alivernini Fabio, Girelli Laura, Violani Cristiano
Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2019 Feb 18;10:300. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00300. eCollection 2019.
The aim of the present study was to identify sub-types of moped riders based on a cluster analysis of specific personality characteristics (i.e., driving anger, anxiety, angry hostility, excitement-seeking, altruism, normlessness, and driving locus of control) within a large sample of Italian adolescents. The study had also the aim to compare the emerged sub-types of moped riders on measures of attitudes toward safe driving, risky driving behaviors (e.g., rule's violations and speeding, not using helmet, drinking and driving, etc.), and self-reported tickets and accident involvement. One thousand two hundred seventy-three Italian high school students aged from 13 to 19 years (mean = 15.43, = 0.98) with a valid driving license for moped participated to the study. Results revealed three sub-types of moped riders (namely risky, worried and careful moped riders), which differ significantly for risky driving behaviors, attitudes toward traffic safety, risk perception, and self-reported accident involvement. Importantly, the results of the present study showed that the personality and behavioral characteristics of the three sub-groups of moped riders substantially resembled those identified by previous studies with vehicle drivers of different ages; thus, empirically supporting the notion that certain combinations of personality characteristics are associated with risk driving tendencies and behaviors in both young moped riders and car drivers. Safe driving interventions can tackle risky driving beliefs and behavioral tendencies in young moped riders and car drivers by tailoring their messages according to the personality sub-types of the target groups.
本研究的目的是基于对意大利大量青少年样本中特定人格特征（即驾驶愤怒、焦虑、愤怒敌意、寻求刺激、利他主义、无规范感和驾驶控制点）的聚类分析，识别助力车骑手的子类型。该研究还旨在比较所出现的助力车骑手子类型在对安全驾驶的态度、危险驾驶行为（如违反规则和超速、不戴头盔、酒后驾车等）以及自我报告的罚单和事故参与情况等方面的差异。1273名年龄在13至19岁之间（平均年龄 = 15.43，标准差 = 0.98）且持有有效助力车驾驶执照的意大利高中生参与了这项研究。结果揭示了助力车骑手的三种子类型（即危险型、担忧型和谨慎型助力车骑手），它们在危险驾驶行为、对交通安全的态度、风险认知以及自我报告的事故参与情况方面存在显著差异。重要的是，本研究结果表明，助力车骑手三个子组的人格和行为特征与先前针对不同年龄的车辆驾驶员所识别的特征基本相似；因此，从实证上支持了这样一种观点，即某些人格特征组合与年轻助力车骑手和汽车驾驶员的危险驾驶倾向及行为相关。安全驾驶干预措施可以通过根据目标群体的人格子类型量身定制信息，来解决年轻助力车骑手和汽车驾驶员的危险驾驶信念和行为倾向问题。
