Segawa Kazushi, Shigeishi Hideo, Fujii Munehito, Noumi Kazuki, Yamanaka Fuminori, Kamikawa Katsumi, Arakawa Shinsuke, Sugiyama Masaru
Hiroshima Prefecture Dental Association, Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
J Clin Med Res. 2019 Mar;11(3):179-187. doi: 10.14740/jocmr3702. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
The Japanese Ministry of Health started screening for periodontal disease as part of senior health services in 1995. However, only a small number of workplaces conduct regular dental checkups in Japan. Therefore, the prevalence of periodontal disease and other oral health conditions has not been fully determined in workers in Japan. This study aimed to clarify the usefulness of a salivary occult blood test (SOBT) to assess periodontal disease, and to investigate the association of salivary occult blood with general and oral health in Japanese employees.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among department store workers in Hiroshima city. Subjects were 449 workers who received regular health checkups including dental examinations in 2018. An SOBT using monoclonal antibody against human hemoglobin was performed. Periodontal status was evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). We investigated the association of salivary occult blood with general and oral health in 338 employees (85 men, 253 women; mean age 41.4 years, range 19 - 69 years).
Univariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between salivary occult blood and sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, CPI, daily brushing frequency, and number of untreated teeth (P = 0.034, P = 0.003, P = 0.022, P = 0.007, P = 0.004, and P = 0.015, respectively). Furthermore, BMI, diabetes, CPI, and brushing frequency were significantly associated with salivary occult blood in binomial logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 1.09, P = 0.014; odds ratio 9.38, P = 0.047; odds ratio 1.31, P = 0.004; and odds ratio 0.70, P = 0.045, respectively). These results suggest that positivity in the SOBT is importantly associated with periodontal disease and diabetes. Interestingly, subjects aged ≥ 35 years with metabolic syndrome exhibited a significantly higher positive rate of salivary occult blood than those without metabolic syndrome (P = 0.01).
The SOBT was a reliable screening method for periodontal disease, and positivity in the test was related to diabetes in Japanese employees. Further examinations are required to clarify the association of salivary occult blood with other systemic diseases.
日本厚生省于1995年开始将牙周病筛查作为老年人健康服务的一部分。然而，在日本只有少数工作场所会定期进行牙科检查。因此，日本工人中牙周病及其他口腔健康状况的患病率尚未得到充分确定。本研究旨在阐明唾液潜血试验（SOBT）在评估牙周病方面的实用性，并调查日本员工唾液潜血与全身及口腔健康之间的关联。
在广岛市的百货公司员工中进行了一项横断面研究。研究对象为2018年接受包括牙科检查在内的定期健康检查的449名员工。采用针对人血红蛋白的单克隆抗体进行唾液潜血试验。使用社区牙周指数（CPI）评估牙周状况。我们调查了338名员工（85名男性，253名女性；平均年龄41.4岁，范围19 - 69岁）唾液潜血与全身及口腔健康之间的关联。
单因素分析显示唾液潜血与性别、体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病、CPI、每日刷牙频率和未治疗牙齿数量之间存在显著关系（P分别为0.034、0.003、0.022、0.007、0.004和0.015）。此外，在二项逻辑回归分析中，BMI、糖尿病、CPI和刷牙频率与唾液潜血显著相关（优势比分别为1.09，P = 0.014；优势比为9.38，P = 0.047；优势比为1.31，P = 0.004；优势比为0.70，P = 0.045）。这些结果表明，SOBT呈阳性与牙周病和糖尿病密切相关。有趣的是，年龄≥35岁的代谢综合征患者唾液潜血阳性率显著高于无代谢综合征的患者（P = 0.01）。
SOBT是一种可靠的牙周病筛查方法，该试验呈阳性与日本员工的糖尿病有关。需要进一步检查以阐明唾液潜血与其他全身性疾病之间的关联。
