Xiang Jie, Tian Cheng, Niu Yan, Yan Ting, Li Dandan, Cao Rui, Guo Hao, Cui Xiaohong, Cui Huifang, Tan Shuping, Wang Bin
College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Translational Medicine Research Center Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Front Neuroinform. 2019 Feb 19;13:4. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2019.00004. eCollection 2019.
The complexity change in brain activity in schizophrenia is an interesting topic clinically. Schizophrenia patients exhibit abnormal task-related modulation of complexity, following entropy of electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis. However, complexity modulation in schizophrenia patients during the sensory gating (SG) task, remains unknown. In this study, the classical auditory paired-stimulus paradigm was introduced to investigate SG, and EEG data were recorded from 55 normal controls and 61 schizophrenia patients. Fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) was used to explore the complexity of brain activity under the conditions of baseline (BL) and the auditory paired-stimulus paradigm (S1 and S2). Generally, schizophrenia patients showed significantly higher FuzzyEn values in the frontal and occipital regions of interest (ROIs). Relative to the BL condition, the normalized values of FuzzyEn of normal controls were decreased greatly in condition S1 and showed less variance in condition S2. Schizophrenia patients showed a smaller decrease in the normalized values in condition S1. Moreover, schizophrenia patients showed significant diminution in the suppression ratios of FuzzyEn, attributed to the higher FuzzyEn values in condition S1. These results suggested that entropy modulation during the process of sensory information and SG was obvious in normal controls and significantly deficient in schizophrenia patients. Additionally, the FuzzyEn values measured in the frontal ROI were positively correlated with positive scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), indicating that frontal entropy was a potential indicator in evaluating the clinical symptoms. However, negative associations were found between the FuzzyEn values of occipital ROIs and general and total scores of PANSS, likely reflecting the compensation effect in visual processing. Thus, our findings provided a deeper understanding of the deficits in sensory information processing and SG, which contribute to cognitive deficits and symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
精神分裂症患者大脑活动的复杂性变化在临床上是一个有趣的话题。精神分裂症患者在脑电图（EEG）分析的熵值之后，表现出与任务相关的复杂性异常调制。然而，精神分裂症患者在感觉门控（SG）任务期间的复杂性调制仍不清楚。在本研究中，引入经典听觉配对刺激范式来研究SG，并记录了55名正常对照者和61名精神分裂症患者的EEG数据。使用模糊熵（FuzzyEn）来探索在基线（BL）和听觉配对刺激范式（S1和S2）条件下大脑活动的复杂性。一般来说，精神分裂症患者在感兴趣的额叶和枕叶区域（ROIs）显示出明显更高的FuzzyEn值。相对于BL条件，正常对照者在S1条件下FuzzyEn的标准化值大幅下降，在S2条件下变化较小。精神分裂症患者在S1条件下标准化值的下降较小。此外，由于S1条件下较高的FuzzyEn值，精神分裂症患者的FuzzyEn抑制率显著降低。这些结果表明，在正常对照者中，感觉信息和SG过程中的熵调制明显，而在精神分裂症患者中则显著不足。此外，在额叶ROI中测量的FuzzyEn值与阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）的阳性得分呈正相关，表明额叶熵是评估临床症状的一个潜在指标。然而，在枕叶ROIs的FuzzyEn值与PANSS的一般得分和总分之间发现了负相关，这可能反映了视觉处理中的补偿效应。因此，我们的研究结果为深入了解感觉信息处理和SG缺陷提供了依据，这些缺陷导致了精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷和症状。
