Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Sports Med. 2019 Jun;49(6):905-916. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01085-x.
Recent research has revealed a beneficial impact of chronic resistance exercise (RE) on brain function. However, it is unclear as to whether RE is also effective in an acute setting.
To investigate the immediate effects of a single RE session on cognitive performance in healthy adults.
A multilevel meta-analysis with random effects meta-regression model was used to pool the standardized mean differences (SMD) between RE and no-exercise (NEX) as well as between RE and aerobic exercise (AE). In addition to global cognitive function, effects on reported sub-domains (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory, attention) were examined.
Twelve trials with fair methodological quality (PEDro scale) were identified. Compared to NEX, RE had a positive effect on global cognition (SMD: 0.56, 95% CI 0.22-0.90, p = 0.004), but was not superior to AE (SMD: - 0.10, 95% CI 0.01 to - 0.20, p = 0.06). Regarding cognitive sub-domains, RE, compared to NEX, improved inhibitory control (SMD: 0.73, 95% CI 0.21-1.26, p = 0.01) and cognitive flexibility (SMD: 0.36, 95% CI 0.17-0.55, p = 0.004). In contrast, working memory (SMD: 0.35, 95% CI - 0.05 to 0.75, p = 0.07) and attention (SMD: 0.79, 95% CI - 0.42 to 2.00, p = 0.16) remained unaffected. No significant differences in sub-domains were found between RE and AE (p > 0.05).
RE appears to be an appropriate method to immediately enhance cognitive function in healthy adults. Further studies clearly elucidating the impact of effect modifiers such as age, training intensity, or training duration are warranted.
最近的研究表明，慢性抗阻运动（RE）对大脑功能有有益的影响。然而，目前尚不清楚 RE 在急性环境中是否同样有效。
研究单次 RE 对健康成年人认知表现的即时影响。
采用随机效应荟萃回归模型对荟萃分析进行多层次分析，以汇总 RE 与无运动（NEX）以及 RE 与有氧运动（AE）之间的标准化均数差（SMD）。除了总体认知功能外，还检查了报告的子域（抑制控制、认知灵活性、工作记忆、注意力）的影响。
确定了 12 项具有良好方法学质量（PEDro 量表）的试验。与 NEX 相比，RE 对整体认知有积极影响（SMD：0.56，95%置信区间 0.22-0.90，p=0.004），但并不优于 AE（SMD：-0.10，95%置信区间 0.01 至-0.20，p=0.06）。关于认知子域，与 NEX 相比，RE 改善了抑制控制（SMD：0.73，95%置信区间 0.21-1.26，p=0.01）和认知灵活性（SMD：0.36，95%置信区间 0.17-0.55，p=0.004）。相比之下，工作记忆（SMD：0.35，95%置信区间 -0.05 至 0.75，p=0.07）和注意力（SMD：0.79，95%置信区间 -0.42 至 2.00，p=0.16）不受影响。RE 与 AE 之间在子域中没有发现显著差异（p>0.05）。
RE 似乎是一种立即增强健康成年人认知功能的合适方法。需要进一步的研究来明确阐明年龄、训练强度或训练持续时间等效应修饰剂的影响。
