Institute of Movement Therapy and movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Muengersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
Center for Health and Physical Activity, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Muengersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 6;16(5):813. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16050813.
The methodology of intervention studies on physical activity (PA) promotion is of great importance regarding evidence development in complex interventions. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the methodological quality of those studies which reported statistically significant effects of interventions promoting PA. PUBMED was searched for reviews on PA promotion to identify studies reporting effective interventions with participants of working age (16⁻67 years). Selected reviews were screened and data from primary studies with effective interventions were extracted to assess methodological quality. Forty-six reviews with 600 primary studies were identified, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one studies were conducted as randomized controlled trials, 13 included an intervention control group, 25 measured PA by questionnaire, and 13 included objective measurements. Information on used statistics was often scarce, and long-term follow-up measurements were frequently missing. The overall methodological quality was moderate for randomized studies and low for non-randomized studies; information on methods and results was often lacking. To overcome these methodological issues, standardized guidelines for reporting study results should be considered, not only when publishing results but also when designing studies. This review provides a solid foundation for the development of practical advice for planning application-oriented studies in PA promotion.
干预性研究方法在促进身体活动（PA）方面具有重要意义，因为它关系到复杂干预措施的证据发展。本综述的目的是提供一份报告，概述那些报告干预措施对促进 PA 具有统计学显著效果的研究的方法学质量。通过 PUBMED 搜索了有关 PA 促进的综述，以确定报告有效干预措施的研究，这些研究的参与者年龄在 16-67 岁之间。对选定的综述进行筛选，并从具有有效干预措施的主要研究中提取数据，以评估方法学质量。共确定了 46 篇综述和 600 篇主要研究，其中 33 篇符合纳入标准。21 项研究为随机对照试验，13 项研究包括干预对照组，25 项研究通过问卷调查测量 PA，13 项研究包括客观测量。关于使用的统计数据的信息往往很少，长期随访测量也经常缺失。随机研究的整体方法学质量为中等，非随机研究的方法学质量为低；方法和结果的信息往往缺乏。为了解决这些方法学问题，不仅在发表研究结果时，而且在设计研究时，都应考虑报告研究结果的标准化指南。本综述为制定实用的 PA 促进应用导向研究规划提供了坚实的基础。
