De Crescenzo Franco, Postorino Valentina, Siracusano Martina, Riccioni Assia, Armando Marco, Curatolo Paolo, Mazzone Luigi
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Pediatric University Hospital-Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2019 Feb 21;10:78. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00078. eCollection 2019.
Recent studies have examined the association between autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, describing a number of cognitive features common to both conditions (e.g., weak central coherence, difficulties in set-shifting, impairment in theory of mind). Several studies have reported high levels of autistic symptoms in population with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Our study systematically reviews and quantitatively synthetizes the current evidence on the presence of autistic symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, and Embase databases was performed from the date of their inceptions until March 2018. The primary outcome measure was the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). As secondary outcome measures, we analyzed the AQ subscales. Data were extracted and analyzed by using a conservative model and expressed by standardized mean difference (SMD). Thirteen studies comprising a total of 1,958 individuals were included in the analysis. Results showed that individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have higher levels of autistic symptoms compared to healthy controls [SMD: 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11 to 1.68] and lower levels of autistic symptoms compared to individuals with autism (SMD: -1.27, 95% CI: -1.77 to -0.76). Current findings support that individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have higher autistic symptoms than healthy controls. Therefore, further studies are needed in order to shed light on the association between these two conditions.
近期研究探讨了自闭症谱系障碍与精神分裂症谱系障碍之间的关联，描述了两种病症共有的一些认知特征（例如，弱中央连贯性、转换任务困难、心理理论受损）。多项研究报告称，在患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的人群中，自闭症症状水平较高。我们的研究系统回顾并定量综合了目前关于精神分裂症谱系障碍患者中自闭症症状存在情况的证据。对PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane图书馆、CINHAL和Embase数据库进行了全面的文献检索，检索时间从各数据库建立之日起至2018年3月。主要结局指标是自闭症谱系商数（AQ）。作为次要结局指标，我们分析了AQ分量表。采用保守模型提取和分析数据，并以标准化均数差值（SMD）表示。分析纳入了13项研究，共1958名个体。结果显示，与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的自闭症症状水平更高[SMD：1.39，95%置信区间（CI）：1.11至1.68]，与自闭症患者相比，自闭症症状水平更低（SMD：-1.27，95%CI：-1.77至-0.76）。目前的研究结果支持，精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的自闭症症状比健康对照组更严重。因此，需要进一步研究以阐明这两种病症之间的关联。
