Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Akkermaalsbos 4, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Catharijnesingel 59, 3511 GG Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2019 May 2;296:58-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.02.018. Epub 2019 Feb 26.
The aim of the present study was to assess pork liver and meat products present on the Dutch market for the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA. HEV RNA was detected in 27.3% of 521 products sampled from Dutch retail stores in 2016. 12.7% of livers were positive for HEV RNA (n = 79), 70.7% of liverwurst (n = 99), 68.9% of liver pate (n = 90), but in none of the pork chops (n = 98), fresh sausages (n = 103) or wild boar meat (n = 52). The highest level of HEV RNA contamination was observed in a liver (reaching up to 1 × 10 copies/g), followed by ready to eat liverwurst and liver pate (up to 3 × 10 copies/g and 7 × 10 copies/g respectively). Sequence analyses revealed mainly genotype 3c, but also some 3a, 3e and 3f strains. One strain derived from a liver sample was 100% (493 nt) identical with one isolated from a HEV case with onset of disease close in time and geography, although no direct epidemiological link could be established. Despite liverwurst and liver pate undergo heat treatment (information dd. Mid 2017) that may be sufficient to inactivate HEV, persons at risk, including Dutch transplant recipients, have been advised to avoid the consumption of raw liver as well as liverwurst and liver pate.
本研究旨在评估 2016 年荷兰零售商店采集的 521 种猪肉肝脏和肉类产品中是否存在戊型肝炎病毒 (HEV) RNA。结果显示，521 种产品中有 27.3%（142 种）检测到 HEV RNA。79 份肝脏样本中有 12.7%（10 份）为 HEV RNA 阳性，99 份肝肠中有 70.7%（70 份），90 份肝泥中有 68.9%（62 份），但 98 份猪排（n=98）、103 份新鲜香肠（n=103）和 52 份野猪肉（n=52）均未检测到 HEV RNA。HEV RNA 污染水平最高的是肝脏（高达 1×10 拷贝/g），其次是即食肝肠和肝泥（分别高达 3×10 拷贝/g 和 7×10 拷贝/g）。序列分析主要发现 3c 基因型，但也发现了一些 3a、3e 和 3f 株。从一份肝脏样本中分离到的一株与时间和地理位置相近的 HEV 病例中分离到的一株完全相同（493nt），尽管无法建立直接的流行病学联系。尽管肝肠和肝泥经过热处理（mid 2017 信息）可能足以使 HEV 失活，但包括荷兰器官移植受者在内的高危人群仍被建议避免食用生肝、肝肠和肝泥。
