School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 15;627:1195-1208. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.271. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
The potential threat of antibiotics to the environment and human health has raised significant concerns in recent years. The consumption and production of antibiotics in China are the highest in the world due to its rapid economic development and huge population, possibly resulting in the high detection frequencies and concentrations of antibiotics in aquatic environments of China. As a water resource, lakes in China play an important role in sustainable economic and social development. Understanding the current state of antibiotics in lakes in China is important. Closed and semi-closed lakes provide an ideal medium for the accumulation of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This review summarizes the current levels of antibiotic exposure in relevant environmental compartments in lakes. The ecological and health risks of antibiotics are also evaluated. This review concludes that 39 antibiotics have been detected in the aquatic environments of lakes in China. The levels of antibiotic contamination in lakes in China is relatively high on the global scale. Antibiotic contamination is higher in sediment than water and aquatic organisms. Quinolone antibiotics (QNs) pose the greatest risks. The contents of antibiotics in aquatic organisms are far lower than their maximum residual limits (MRLs), with the exception of the organisms in Honghu Lake. The lakes experience high levels of ARG contamination. A greater assessment of ARG presence and antibiotic exposure are urgent.
近年来，抗生素对环境和人类健康的潜在威胁引起了人们的高度关注。由于中国经济的快速发展和庞大的人口，抗生素的消费和生产均居世界首位，这可能导致中国水环境中抗生素的高检出频率和浓度。作为水资源，中国的湖泊在可持续经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用。了解中国湖泊中抗生素的现状非常重要。封闭和半封闭湖泊为抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的积累提供了理想的媒介。本综述总结了湖泊中相关环境组分中抗生素暴露的现状。还评估了抗生素的生态和健康风险。本综述得出的结论是，在中国湖泊的水生态环境中已检测到 39 种抗生素。中国湖泊中抗生素的污染水平在全球范围内相对较高。与水和水生生物相比，抗生素在沉积物中的污染更为严重。喹诺酮类抗生素（QNs）构成了最大的风险。除洪湖外，水生生物中的抗生素含量均远低于其最大残留限量（MRLs）。湖泊受到高水平的 ARG 污染。迫切需要对 ARG 的存在和抗生素暴露进行更全面的评估。
