Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Henry Ford Health System, WSU School of Medicine, One Ford Place 4B, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Mar 11;19(4):22. doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0851-9.
The infant gut microbiota has become a focus of multiple epidemiologic and cohort studies. This microbiome is derived from the mother (via the vaginal canal, maternal skin contact, breastfeeding, and possibly in utero microbial transfer) and is likely influenced by multiple external factors. It is now believed by some experts that colonization and formation of the newborn and alterations of gut microbiota in children are dependent on earlier alterations of the microbiota of mothers during or perhaps even before pregnancy. This review will focus on specific factors (pet keeping, breastfeeding, antibiotic use, and mode of delivery) that influence the infant gut microbiome and atopy.
This is a review of recent literature describing how pet keeping, breastfeeding, antibiotic use, and mode of delivery influences and changes the infant gut microbiome and atopy. General trends in gut microbiota differences have emerged in different birth cohorts when each external factor is analyzed, but consistency between studies is difficult to replicate. The aforementioned factors do not seem to confer an overwhelming risk for development of atopy alone. This review provides a comprehensive review of early life environmental factors and their influence on the infant gut microbiome and atopy.
婴儿肠道微生物群已成为多项流行病学和队列研究的焦点。这个微生物群来源于母亲（通过阴道、母体皮肤接触、母乳喂养，可能还有宫内微生物转移），并可能受到多种外部因素的影响。一些专家认为，新生儿的定植和形成以及儿童肠道微生物群的改变取决于母亲在怀孕期间甚至更早之前的微生物群的改变。这篇综述将重点介绍影响婴儿肠道微生物群和特应性的特定因素（养宠物、母乳喂养、使用抗生素和分娩方式）。
这是一篇综述最近的文献，描述了养宠物、母乳喂养、使用抗生素和分娩方式如何影响和改变婴儿肠道微生物群和特应性。当分析每个外部因素时，不同的出生队列中出现了肠道微生物群差异的一般趋势，但研究之间的一致性很难复制。上述因素似乎并不能单独带来特应性发展的压倒性风险。本综述全面回顾了生命早期环境因素及其对婴儿肠道微生物群和特应性的影响。
