Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Biol Open. 2021 Feb 10;10(2):bio057059. doi: 10.1242/bio.057059.
The size and growth patterns of the components of the human embryonic heart have remained largely undefined. To provide these data, three-dimensional heart models were generated from immunohistochemically stained sections of ten human embryonic hearts ranging from Carnegie stage 10 to 23. Fifty-eight key structures were annotated and volumetrically assessed. Sizes of the septal foramina and atrioventricular canal opening were also measured. The heart grows exponentially throughout embryonic development. There was consistently less left than right atrial myocardium, and less right than left ventricular myocardium. We observed a later onset of trabeculation in the left atrium compared to the right. Morphometry showed that the rightward expansion of the atrioventricular canal starts in week 5. The septal foramina are less than 0.1 mm and are, therefore, much smaller than postnatal septal defects. This chronological, graphical atlas of the growth patterns of cardiac components in the human embryo provides quantified references for normal heart development. Thereby, this atlas may support early detection of cardiac malformations in the foetus.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
人类胚胎心脏各组成部分的大小和生长模式在很大程度上尚未明确。为了提供这些数据，我们从 10 个人类胚胎心脏的免疫组化染色切片中生成了三维心脏模型，这些胚胎心脏的卡内基阶段范围从 10 到 23。我们对 58 个关键结构进行了注释和体积评估。还测量了间隔孔和房室管开口的大小。心脏在胚胎发育过程中呈指数级生长。左心房的心肌始终少于右心房，右心室的心肌少于左心室。我们观察到左心房的小梁化比右心房晚开始。形态测量学显示，房室管的向右扩张始于第 5 周。间隔孔小于 0.1 毫米，因此比产后间隔缺损小得多。本图谱以时间顺序和图形方式展示了人类胚胎心脏各组成部分的生长模式，为正常心脏发育提供了量化参考。因此，该图谱可能有助于早期发现胎儿的心脏畸形。本文附有该论文第一作者的第一人称采访。
