Is prostate volume better than PSA density and free/total PSA ratio in predicting prostate cancer in patients with PSA 2.5-10 ng/mL and 10.1-30 ng/mL?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common benign and malignant diseases of the prostate gland. The clinical distinction between BPH and PCa should be determined to guide patients to appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the value of PSA, prostate volume (PV) and associated parameters for the detection of PCa in patients with PSA levels of 2.5-30.0 ng/mL. A total of 211 men with a biopsy (≥10 cores) and a PSA of 2.5-30.0 ng/ml were included in the study. To evaluate the performance of PV in diagnosing PCa, subjects were divided into PSA 2.5-10.0 ng/ml and PSA 10.1-30.0 ng/ml groups. Age, BMI, PSA, PV, f/t PSA, PSAD, and biopsy Gleason score were included in the analysis. PCa was diagnosed in 74 (35.1%) of the 211 patients. The differences in f/t PSA, PV, and PSAD for patients with and without PCa were statistically significant. ( < .001). PV was a significantly better indicator of PCa than PSAD and f/t PSA ratio in both groups. PV plays an active role in predicting PCa in patients with PSA in gray-zone as well as in patients with PSA 10.1-30 ng/mL.