Maruna H, Westphal G
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1986;57(4):259-65. doi: 10.1007/BF00406182.
The present investigation of occupation-related cases of hepatitis in the statistics of occupational diseases attempted to quantify the specific risk of this infectious disease for all occupations within the health service. The absolute number of occupation-related cases of hepatitis B increased fourfold over the last two decades, while at the same time the number of health service employees only doubled. In comparison with the Austrian population, the hepatitis risk is about 11 times higher for the health service employees. Especially laboratory personnel, doctors and support service personnel are exposed to these increased risks. The relative risks according to age, sex and type of occupation were also investigated and a comparison was made with the findings of other investigations in Austrian and international specialized literature. First information is also given about the findings of the screening on immunity against HBs-antigen, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in the professional group of health service employees. The calculations, and also experience in other countries, show the need for the introduction of an active protective immunization against hepatitis B for all health service employees. The prophylaxis against hepatitis that was begun in Austria on January 1st, 1983, is the first extensive vaccination programme against this liver disease, that on the basis of research done by a social security institute, has been implemented free of charge by this institute for a professional category.
本次对职业病统计中与职业相关的肝炎病例的调查，试图量化这种传染病对卫生服务行业内所有职业的具体风险。在过去二十年中，与职业相关的乙型肝炎病例绝对数增加了四倍，而与此同时，卫生服务行业员工数量仅翻了一番。与奥地利总人口相比，卫生服务行业员工感染肝炎的风险约高11倍。特别是实验室人员、医生和辅助服务人员面临着这些更高的风险。还调查了按年龄、性别和职业类型划分的相对风险，并与奥地利和国际专业文献中其他调查结果进行了比较。还首次提供了卫生服务行业员工专业组中乙肝表面抗原、乙肝表面抗体和乙肝核心抗体免疫筛查的结果。计算结果以及其他国家的经验表明，有必要为所有卫生服务行业员工开展积极的乙肝保护性免疫接种。1983年1月1日在奥地利开始的肝炎预防措施，是首个针对这种肝病的大规模疫苗接种计划，该计划基于一家社会保障机构的研究，由该机构为一个职业类别免费实施。
