Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia,
School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Clin Interv Aging. 2019 Feb 21;14:419-425. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S189072. eCollection 2019.
Time perspective (TP) is the term used to describe people's preferences to focus on the past, present, and the future. Previous research demonstrates a link between TP and retirement planning. The objective of this study was to evaluate a TP-based online training intervention to improve retirement planning emphasizing the accumulation of resources.
Twenty-two (=59.41 years) working and fully retired participants were compared to a control group of 18 (=56.67 years) participants. The intervention included three separate modules delivered online at the rate of one per week over a 3-week testing session. Outcomes focused on retirement goals and goal specificity.
When compared to the control group, subjects in the intervention improved the number of goals relating to the accumulation of health ((1,35)=10.15, <0.01, 95% CI [0.28, 2.77]) and emotional resources ((1,35)=5.16, <0.05, 95% CI [-0.22, 2.37]). Goals relating to the accumulation of health resources also became more specific within the experimental group when compared to the control group and a significant interaction was recorded ((1,38)=15.78, <0.01, 95% CI [0.33, 1.74]). Similar interactions between the control and experimental groups were reported for the accumulation of cognitive resources ((1,38)=13.15, <0.01, 95% CI [0.28, 1.96]) and for emotional resources ((1,38)=7.39, <0.01, 95% CI [0.00, 1.50]). Qualitative feedback included recommendations to improve engagement by using more activities, providing clearer navigation instructions and avoiding the use of animation.
Applying a TP-based framework to the design of an online training intervention helped improve the accumulation and specificity of emotional and health resources for retirement. The study contains a number of theoretical and practical recommendations informing the design of future retirement planning interventions.
时间视角（TP）是用来描述人们关注过去、现在和未来的偏好的术语。先前的研究表明，TP 与退休规划之间存在联系。本研究的目的是评估一种基于 TP 的在线培训干预措施，以改善强调资源积累的退休规划。
将 22 名（59.41 岁）在职和完全退休的参与者与对照组的 18 名（56.67 岁）参与者进行比较。干预措施包括三个单独的模块，以每周一个的速度在 3 周的测试期内在线提供。结果侧重于退休目标和目标特异性。
与对照组相比，干预组在与健康资源（1,35)=10.15，<0.01，95%CI [0.28, 2.77]）和情感资源（1,35)=5.16，<0.05，95%CI [-0.22, 2.37]）积累相关的目标数量有所增加。与对照组相比，实验组中与健康资源积累相关的目标也变得更加具体，并且记录到了显著的交互作用（1,38)=15.78，<0.01，95%CI [0.33, 1.74]）。对照组和实验组之间也报告了类似的认知资源（1,38)=13.15，<0.01，95%CI [0.28, 1.96]）和情感资源（1,38)=7.39，<0.01，95%CI [0.00, 1.50]）积累之间的交互作用。定性反馈包括建议通过使用更多活动、提供更清晰的导航说明和避免使用动画来提高参与度。
将基于 TP 的框架应用于在线培训干预措施的设计有助于提高退休时情感和健康资源的积累和特异性。该研究包含了一些关于未来退休规划干预措施设计的理论和实践建议。
