Riemersma R A, Wood D A, Butler S, Elton R A, Oliver M, Salo M, Nikkari T, Vartiainen E, Puska P, Gey F
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 May 31;292(6533):1423-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.292.6533.1423.
The possibility of an inverse relation between essential fatty acids in adipose tissue, in particular linoleic acid, and mortality from coronary heart disease was studied by a cross sectional survey of random population samples of apparently healthy men aged 40-49 from four European regions with differing mortality from coronary heart disease. The proportion of linoleic acid in adipose tissue was lowest in men from north Karelia, Finland, where mortality from coronary heart disease is highest, and highest in men from Italy, where mortality is lowest, with intermediate proportions in men from Scotland and south west Finland. Similar gradients were observed for the desaturation and elongation products dihomo-gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid. The proportion of saturated fatty acids in adipose tissue was highest in Finland, intermediate in Scotland, and lowest in Italy. Italian men also had the highest proportion of oleate in their adipose tissue and the lowest proportion of myristoleate and palmitoleate. Finnish men were more obese and had a higher blood pressure. Serum cholesterol concentration was higher in north Karelia and south west Finland than in Scotland or Italy. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations reflected the regional differences in serum cholesterol, being higher in Finland and lower in Italy. The ratios of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol, however, did not differ. The regional differences in linoleic acid in adipose tissue remained highly significant when the observed differences in other known risk factors for coronary heart disease among the four areas were taken into account by multivariate analysis. The gradients in proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids probably reflect differences in dietary intake of linoleic acid.
通过对来自四个冠心病死亡率不同的欧洲地区、年龄在40 - 49岁的明显健康男性随机人群样本进行横断面调查，研究了脂肪组织中必需脂肪酸，特别是亚油酸与冠心病死亡率之间呈负相关的可能性。在冠心病死亡率最高的芬兰北卡累利阿地区男性中，脂肪组织中亚油酸的比例最低；在冠心病死亡率最低的意大利男性中，该比例最高；苏格兰和芬兰西南部男性的比例则处于中间水平。对于去饱和及延长产物二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸，也观察到了类似的梯度变化。脂肪组织中饱和脂肪酸的比例在芬兰最高，在苏格兰居中，在意大利最低。意大利男性脂肪组织中油酸的比例也最高，而肉豆蔻油酸和棕榈油酸的比例最低。芬兰男性更肥胖，血压更高。北卡累利阿和芬兰西南部的血清胆固醇浓度高于苏格兰或意大利。高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇浓度反映了血清胆固醇的地区差异，在芬兰较高，在意大利较低。然而，HDL胆固醇与总胆固醇的比值并无差异。当通过多变量分析考虑四个地区之间其他已知冠心病危险因素的观察差异时，脂肪组织中亚油酸的地区差异仍然非常显著。多不饱和脂肪酸比例的梯度变化可能反映了亚油酸饮食摄入量的差异。
