School of Resources and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, D11, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
School of Resources and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, D11, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
J Safety Res. 2019 Feb;68:187-196. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.11.006. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
It is necessary to clearly understand construction accidents for preventing a rise in Chinese construction accidents and deaths. Better analysis methods are required for Chinese construction sector accidents.
Choosing and analyzing a typical construction accident based on four popular contemporary accident causation models: STAMP, AcciMap, HFACS, and the 2-4 Model. Then we evaluated the models' applicability to construction accidents, including their usability, reliability, and validity.
STAMP addressed how complexity within the accident system influenced the accident development, and its output makes the responsibilities clearer for the accident. AcciMap described the entire system's failure, the entire accident's trajectory, and the relationship between them. AcciMap showed that the accident was a dynamic developing process, and this method has a high usability. The taxonomic nature of HFACS is an important feature that provides it with a high reliability. In the accident reviewed here, we found that poor management was a critical factor rather than the individual factor in the accident. The 2-4 Model provided detailed causes of the accident and established the relationship among the accident causes, the safety management system, and the safety culture. It also avoided capturing all of the complexity in the large sociotechnical system and revealed a dynamic analysis and developing process. We confirmed that it has a high usability and validity. Therefore, the 2-4Model is recommended for future Chinese construction accident analysis efforts.
The study provides a useful, reliable, and effective analysis method for Chinese construction accidents.
为了降低中国建筑事故和伤亡率，有必要清晰了解建筑事故。中国建筑行业事故需要更好的分析方法。
基于四个流行的当代事故致因模型：STAMP、AcciMap、HFACS 和 2-4 模型，选择和分析一个典型的建筑事故。然后评估这些模型在建筑事故中的适用性，包括可用性、可靠性和有效性。
STAMP 探讨了事故系统内的复杂性如何影响事故的发展，其输出使事故责任更加明确。AcciMap 描述了整个系统的故障、整个事故的轨迹及其之间的关系。AcciMap 表明事故是一个动态发展的过程，这种方法具有很高的可用性。HFACS 的分类性质是其可靠性的一个重要特征。在本文回顾的事故中，我们发现管理不善是事故的关键因素，而不是事故中的个人因素。2-4 模型提供了事故的详细原因，并建立了事故原因、安全管理系统和安全文化之间的关系。它还避免了捕捉大型社会技术系统中的所有复杂性，并揭示了动态分析和发展过程。我们确认它具有很高的可用性和有效性。因此，建议在未来的中国建筑事故分析中使用 2-4 模型。
该研究为中国建筑事故提供了一种有用、可靠且有效的分析方法。
