Institute of Veterinary Science, University Chadli Bendjedid El-Tarf, BP 73, El-Tarf 36000, Algeria.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences and Earth Sciences and the Universe, University of 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401 Guelma 24000, Algeria.
Biomed Res Int. 2019 Feb 7;2019:7805467. doi: 10.1155/2019/7805467. eCollection 2019.
The present study aimed to investigate the acaricidal properties of six essential oils. They were extracted from some plant species ( and ) using the technique of hydrodistillation with the Clevenger apparatus. The chemical compositions of the essential oils under study were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). An Adult Immersion Test (AIT) and a Larval Immersion Test (LIT) were used to evaluate the acaricidal activity of these essential oils against the adults and larvae of . GC-MS analysis showed the major constituents of each essential oil: 25.49% of -thujone (lavender); 46.82% of carvacrol (oregano); 78.78% of carvacrol (thyme); 40.27% of 1,8-cineole (blue gum); 17.45% of p-cymene (river red gum); and 26.96% of 1,8-cineole (rosemary). The biotests on the essential oils revealed that they inhibit the reproduction of engorged females at a rate of 100 % with doses of 0.781 l/ml of rosemary, 1.562 l/ml of thyme, 3.125 l/ml of lavender and oregano, and 6.250 l/ml of blue gum and river red gum. After a treatment that lasted for 24 hours, essential oils showed a larvicidal activity with respective values of lethal concentrations (LC): LC, LC, and LC (0.058, 0.358, and 0.600 l/ml for thyme; 0.108, 0.495, and 0.761 l/ml for rosemary; 0.131, 0.982, and 1.740 l/ml for oregano; 0.155, 2.387, and 5.183 l/ml for blue gum; 0.207, 1.653, and 2.978 l/ml for river red gum; and 0.253, 2.212, and 4.092 l/ml for lavender). This is the first report on the acaricidal activity of these essential oils against The results obtained showed that the essential oils with chemotype carvacrol, 1,8-cineole, -thujone, and p-cymene are highly acaricidal, and they can be used for ticks control. However, further studies on their toxicity in nontarget organisms are required.
本研究旨在探讨 6 种植物精油的杀螨特性。这些精油是从一些植物物种（和）中提取出来的，采用的是水蒸气蒸馏法，用 Clevenger 装置提取。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对研究中使用的精油的化学成分进行了测定。采用成虫浸浴法（AIT）和幼虫浸浴法（LIT）评估这些精油对成虫和幼虫的杀螨活性。GC-MS 分析显示，每种精油的主要成分如下：薰衣草中 25.49%为-蒎烯；牛至中 46.82%为香芹酚；百里香中 78.78%为香芹酚；蓝胶中 40.27%为 1,8-桉叶油醇；河红胶中 17.45%为对伞花烃；迷迭香中 26.96%为 1,8-桉叶油醇。对精油的生物测试表明，它们以 0.781 l/ml 的剂量抑制了饱血雌螨的繁殖，其中迷迭香、百里香、薰衣草和牛至的抑制率为 100%，蓝胶和河红胶的抑制率为 6.250 l/ml。经过 24 小时的处理，精油表现出幼虫致死活性，致死浓度（LC）分别为：0.058、0.358 和 0.600 l/ml（百里香）；0.108、0.495 和 0.761 l/ml（迷迭香）；0.131、0.982 和 1.740 l/ml（牛至）；0.155、2.387 和 5.183 l/ml（蓝胶）；0.207、1.653 和 2.978 l/ml（河红胶）；0.253、2.212 和 4.092 l/ml（薰衣草）。这是这些精油对蜱虫的杀螨活性的首次报道。结果表明，具有香芹酚、1,8-桉叶油醇、-蒎烯和对伞花烃化学型的精油具有高度的杀螨活性，可用于控制蜱虫。然而，还需要进一步研究它们对非靶标生物的毒性。
