Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
University Hospital "San Juan de la Cruz", Úbeda, 23400 Jaén, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 19;16(6):993. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060993.
The purpose of this study was to identify, classify and analyze the perceived needs of caregivers of elderly people with dementia during the care process. A descriptive phenomenological qualitative study using seven focus groups was conducted in different primary health care centers in the province of Jaén (Spain) between July 2012 and February 2013. Eighty-two family caregivers who were caring for people with dementia in different stages of the disease were selected by purposeful maximum variation sampling. Data were analyzed and organized thematically, considering the semantic and pragmatic content and field notes. Two main categories of the perceived needs of caregivers were identified. The first was related to the management of caring for a relative with dementia, and the second was related to the management of the caregivers' own care. Our findings support the provision of comprehensive interventions for the improvement of caregivers' emotional health that encompass more than one care need. This is where psycho-educational interventions aimed at managing the various aspects of dementia and self-care in caregivers can be accommodated. In addition, proactive interventions to develop important skills to care for a relative with dementia, which are not perceived as needs by the caregivers, are needed. These include skills in family negotiation, planning and searching for resources outside the family.
本研究旨在识别、分类和分析老年痴呆症患者照顾者在照顾过程中的感知需求。这是一项描述性现象学定性研究，于 2012 年 7 月至 2013 年 2 月在西班牙哈恩省的不同基层医疗保健中心进行了 7 个焦点小组。通过目的性最大变异抽样，选择了 82 名正在不同疾病阶段照顾痴呆症患者的家庭照顾者。通过考虑语义和语用内容以及现场记录对数据进行了分析和组织。确定了照顾者感知需求的两个主要类别。第一个与管理照顾痴呆症亲属有关，第二个与管理照顾者自身护理有关。我们的研究结果支持提供全面的干预措施来改善照顾者的情绪健康，这些干预措施涵盖了不止一种护理需求。这是可以容纳针对管理痴呆症和照顾者自我护理各个方面的心理教育干预的地方。此外，还需要采取积极主动的干预措施来发展照顾痴呆症亲属的重要技能，这些技能并不被照顾者视为需求。其中包括家庭协商、规划和在家庭之外寻找资源的技能。
