套作种植模式对玉米-大豆间作系统产量、养分积累与分配的影响。
Effect of planting patterns on yield, nutrient accumulation and distribution in maize and soybean under relay intercropping systems.
机构信息
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
China Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, P.R. China.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 20;9(1):4947. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41364-1.
Planting patterns affect nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) acquisition and distribution in maize and soybean under intercropping conditions. Here we reveal that strip relay-intercropping increases the N, P, and K uptake and distribution across plant organs (root, straw, and seed) of maize and soybean, accelerates the dry-matter production of intercrop-species, and compensates the slight maize yield loss by considerably increasing the soybean yield. In a two-year experiment, soybean was planted with maize in different planting patterns (SI, 50:50 cm and SII, 40:160 cm) of relay-intercropping, both planting patterns were compared with sole cropping of maize (SM) and soybean (SS). As compared to SI, SII increased the N, P, and K accumulation in each organ of soybean by 20, 32, and 18 (root) %, 71, 61, and 76 (straw) %, and 68, 65, and 62 (seed) %, respectively, whereas decreased the N, P, and K accumulation in each organ of maize by 1, 4, and 8 (root) %, 1, 10, and 3 (straw) %, and 5, 10, and 8 (seed) %, respectively. Overall, in SII, relay-cropped soybean accumulated 91% of total nutrient uptake (TNU) of sole soybean plants, and relay-cropped maize accumulated 94% of TNU of sole maize plants.
间作条件下，种植模式会影响玉米和大豆对氮（N）、磷（P）和钾（K）的吸收和分配。本研究揭示，条带式间作增加了玉米和大豆各器官（根、秸秆和种子）对 N、P 和 K 的吸收和分布，加速了间作物种的干物质生产，并通过显著增加大豆产量来弥补玉米产量的轻微损失。在为期两年的试验中，大豆与玉米以不同的间作种植模式（SI，50:50cm 和 SII，40:160cm）进行间作，这两种种植模式均与玉米单作（SM）和大豆单作（SS）进行了比较。与 SI 相比，SII 分别使大豆各器官的 N、P 和 K 积累增加了 20%、32%和 18%（根）、71%、61%和 76%（秸秆）和 68%、65%和 62%（种子），而使玉米各器官的 N、P 和 K 积累减少了 1%、4%和 8%（根）、1%、10%和 3%（秸秆）和 5%、10%和 8%（种子）。总体而言，在 SII 中，间作大豆积累了单作大豆植株总养分吸收量（TNU）的 91%，间作玉米积累了单作玉米植株 TNU 的 94%。
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