ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Gauteng, South Africa.
Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Mar 21;13(3):e0006576. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006576. eCollection 2019 Mar.
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a re-emerging zoonotic disease responsible for major losses in livestock production, with negative impact on the livelihoods of both commercial and resource-poor farmers in sub-Sahara African countries. The disease remains a threat in countries where its mosquito vector thrives. Outbreaks of RVF usually follow weather conditions which favour increase in mosquito populations. Such outbreaks are usually cyclical, occurring every 10-15 years. Recent outbreaks of the disease in South Africa have occurred unpredictably and with increased frequency. In 2008, outbreaks were reported in Mpumalanga, Limpopo and Gauteng provinces, followed by 2009 outbreaks in KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Northern Cape provinces and in 2010 in the Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Western Cape, North West, Free State and Mpumalanga provinces. By August 2010, 232 confirmed infections had been reported in humans, with 26 confirmed deaths.To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of RVF viruses (RVFVs) circulating in South Africa, we undertook complete genome sequence analysis of isolates from animals at discrete foci of the 2008-2010 outbreaks. The genome sequences of these viruses were compared with those of the viruses from earlier outbreaks in South Africa and in other countries. The data indicate that one 2009 and all the 2008 isolates from South Africa and Madagascar (M49/08) cluster in Lineage C or Kenya-1. The remaining of the 2009 and 2010 isolates cluster within Lineage H, except isolate M259_RSA_09, which is a probable segment M reassortant. This information will be useful to agencies involved in the control and management of Rift Valley fever in South Africa and the neighbouring countries.
裂谷热（RVF）是一种重新出现的人畜共患病，对撒哈拉以南非洲国家的商业和资源贫乏的农民的生计造成重大损失。在蚊子媒介繁衍生息的国家，这种疾病仍然是一种威胁。裂谷热疫情通常在有利于蚊子种群增加的天气条件下爆发。此类疫情通常呈周期性发生，每 10-15 年发生一次。南非最近的疫情爆发不可预测且频率增加。2008 年，姆普马兰加省、林波波省和豪登省报告了疫情爆发，随后 2009 年夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省、姆普马兰加省和北开普省以及 2010 年东开普省、北开普省、西开普省、西北省、自由州省和姆普马兰加省也爆发了疫情。截至 2010 年 8 月，已报告 232 例人类确诊感染病例，26 例死亡。为了调查在南非循环的裂谷热病毒（RVFV）的进化动态，我们对 2008-2010 年疫情期间在不同地点的动物分离株进行了全基因组序列分析。将这些病毒的基因组序列与南非和其他国家早些时候爆发疫情的病毒进行了比较。数据表明，2009 年的一个和南非和马达加斯加（M49/08）的所有 2008 年分离株都聚集在 C 系或肯尼亚-1 中。2009 年和 2010 年的其余分离株聚集在 H 系内，除了分离株 M259_RSA_09，它是一个可能的 M 节段重配体。这些信息将对参与南非和邻国裂谷热控制和管理的机构有用。
